Figure 4.

Forest plot of comparison: reactive drug administration (RDA) versus no RDA/reactive case detection and treatment (RACDT) on prevalence of malaria infection. ¹Random effects logistic regression model adjusted for child age (in years), gender, household wealth from an asset index, rainfall, enhanced vegetation index, household elevation, and household protection by long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying (IRS). ²The 95% Cl lower limit is higher here than in the published paper (odds ratio = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.05–1.04) because the authors of the Namibia trial calculated the effect size using marginal effects post-estimation (to account for reactive IRS in half the clusters) after a regression model, and Review Manager software can only accommodate balanced CIs. Effect size from (nonlinear) marginal effect post-estimation from generalized estimating equations (GEE) model using a logit function with variables for RDA, reactive IRS, the interaction between reactive IRS and RDA, and adjusted for 2016 incidence of local cases. Unadjusted effect size (from post-estimation marginal effect of RDA from GEE model using a logit function with variables for RDA, reactive IRS, the interaction between reactive IRS and RDA but no other covariates): 1.05 (0.03–2.07). ³Random effects logistic regression (random effect for health facility) adjusted for age. Unadjusted odds ratio: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.27–1.94).