Table 3.
Subgroup analysis of association between urinary PAHs and OAB, NHANES 2005–2016
| Male | Female | p for interaction | <40 | 40–60 | >60 | p for Interaction | <25 | 25–30 | >30 | p for Interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-Hydroxynaphthalene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 0.96 (0.51, 1.79) | 1.40 (1.01, 1.95)# | 1.54 (0.85, 2.80) | 1.01 (0.61, 1.65) | 1.30 (0.91, 1.86) | 1.11 (0.64, 1.91) | 1.68 (1.05, 2.67)# | 1.07 (0.69, 1.66) | |||
| Q3 | 1.30 (0.75, 2.26) | 1.14 (0.77, 1.67) | 1.48 (0.70, 3.11) | 1.17 (0.71, 1.92) | 1.15 (0.80, 1.66) | 1.36 (0.73, 2.55) | 1.37 (0.89, 2.12) | 1.09 (0.69, 1.73) | |||
| Q4 | 1.81 (1.05, 3.09)# | 1.67 (1.24, 2.27)## | 2.25 (1.04, 4.86)# | 1.93 (1.19, 3.12)## | 1.32 (0.92, 1.89) | 1.97 (1.15, 3.37)# | 2.13 (1.30, 3.49)## | 1.44 (0.92, 2.26) | |||
| p for trend | 0.005## | 0.008## | 0.298 | 0.071 | 0.004# | 0.245 | 0.295 | 0.012# | 0.10# | 0.103 | 0.114 |
| 2-Hydroxynaphthalene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.22 (0.86, 1.73) | 1.17 (0.84, 1.64) | 2.08 (1.07, 4.06)# | 1.19 (0.74, 1.91) | 1.03 (0.75, 1.39) | 1.97 (1.18, 3.30)# | 0.82 (0.53, 1.26) | 1.26 (0.81, 1.97) | |||
| Q3 | 1.38 (0.93, 2.04) | 1.46 (1.04, 2.05)# | 2.29 (1.19, 4.44)# | 1.35 (0.84, 2.18) | 1.34 (0.96, 1.88) | 2.07 (1.20, 3.58)## | 1.17 (0.70, 1.95) | 1.38 (0.90, 2.12) | |||
| Q4 | 1.59 (1.02, 2.48)# | 1.80 (1.25, 2.59)## | 2.85 (1.30, 6.22)## | 1.92 (1.10, 3.34)# | 1.30 (0.92, 1.84) | 3.06 (1.82, 5.17)## | 1.58 (0.92, 2.71) | 1.42 (0.88, 2.31) | |||
| p for trend | 0.035# | 0.001## | 0.134 | 0.009## | 0.015# | 0.040# | 0.553 | 0.001## | 0.081 | 0.163 | 0.048# |
| 3-Hydroxyfluorene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 0.84 (0.56, 1.26) | 0.97 (0.72, 1.30) | 2.16 (1.15, 4.05)# | 0.84 (0.54, 1.29) | 0.73 (0.48, 1.12) | 1.53 (0.92, 2.55) | 1.05 (0.60, 1.85) | 0.68 (0.46, 0.99)# | |||
| Q3 | 0.75 (0.49, 1.16) | 0.87 (0.62, 1.21) | 1.40 (0.71, 2.76) | 0.51 (0.31, 0.84)## | 0.98 (0.68, 1.43) | 1.38 (0.77, 2.45) | 1.10 (0.70, 1.73) | 0.54 (0.34, 0.85)## | |||
| Q4 | 1.34 (0.79, 2.28) | 1.45 (1.02, 2.04) | 2.60 (1.42, 4.77)## | 1.28 (0.73, 2.24) | 1.14 (0.71, 1.82) | 2.12 (1.26, 3.60)## | 1.89 (1.07, 3.36)# | 0.98 (0.62, 1.54) | |||
| p for trend | 0.217 | 0.073 | 0.479 | 0.030# | 0.346 | 0.403 | 0.631 | 0.017# | 0.032# | 0.964 | 0.024# |
| 2-Hydroxyfluorene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 0.90 (0.57, 1.45) | 1.06 (0.73, 1.53) | 1.68 (0.90, 3.14) | 0.95 (0.57, 1.58) | 0.89 (0.57, 1.38) | 1.54 (0.96, 2.46)# | 1.13 (0.65, 1.96) | 0.77 (0.52, 1.15) | |||
| Q3 | 1.07 (0.66, 1.75) | 1.19 (0.83, 1.70) | 2.55 (1.34, 4.86)## | 0.88 (0.50, 1.57) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.49) | 1.90 (1.13, 3.19)# | 1.54 (0.89, 2.67) | 0.75 (0.49, 1.15) | |||
| Q4 | 1.23 (0.69, 2.21) | 1.46 (0.98, 2.17) | 3.08 (1.53, 6.19)## | 1.32 (0.70, 2.51) | 0.97 (0.62, 1.52) | 2.22 (1.40, 3.51)## | 1.84 (0.99, 3.43) | 0.91 (0.55, 1.50) | |||
| p for trend | 0.311 | 0.041# | 0.255 | 0.001## | 0.315 | 0.858 | 0.185 | 0.002## | 0.037# | 0.898 | 0.007## |
| 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.13 (0.75, 1.70) | 1.09 (0.76, 1.54) | 1.32 (0.77, 2.26) | 0.93 (0.56, 1.57) | 1.14 (0.79, 1.65) | 0.99 (0.58, 1.72) | 1.40 (0.87, 2.27) | 1.03 (0.67, 1.58) | |||
| Q3 | 1.27 (0.80, 2.02) | 1.40 (0.91, 2.14) | 1.68 (0.93, 3.01) | 1.14 (0.67, 1.93) | 1.31 (0.87, 1.98) | 1.21 (0.67, 2.17) | 2.12 (1.21, 3.70)## | 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) | |||
| Q4 | 0.93 (0.58, 1.48) | 1.62 (1.08, 2.44)# | 1.93 (1.00, 3.70)# | 1.06 (0.61, 1.85) | 1.20 (0.80, 1.81) | 1.84 (1.01, 3.39)# | 1.63 (0.92, 2.88) | 0.97 (0.61, 1.53) | |||
| p for trend | 0.72 | 0.010## | 0.009## | 0.057 | 0.656 | 0.295 | 0.803 | 0.036# | 0.050# | 0.864 | 0.022# |
| 1-Hydroxypyrene | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.00 (0.68, 1.46) | 1.35 (0.92, 1.96) | 0.89 (0.50, 1.57) | 1.82 (1.06, 3.11)# | 0.98 (0.73, 1.32) | 1.49 (0.82, 2.70) | 1.96 (1.25, 3.10)## | 0.78 (0.53, 1.15) | |||
| Q3 | 1.29 (0.84, 1.97) | 1.56 (1.08, 2.24)# | 1.74 (0.92, 3.27) | 1.55 (0.89, 2.76) | 1.40 (0.96, 2.05) | 1.36 (0.74, 2.49) | 2.56 (1.60, 3.12)## | 1.01 (0.67, 1.55) | |||
| Q4 | 1.07 (0.69, 1.67) | 1.64 (1.09, 2.47)# | 2.65 (0.80, 3.40) | 1.79 (1.02, 3.12)# | 0.92 (0.58, 1.47) | 2.17 (1.29, 3.63)## | 2.08 (1.20, 3.59)## | 0.84 (0.49, 1.43) | |||
| p for trend | 0.498 | 0.014# | 0.011# | 0.091 | 0.161 | 0.475 | 0.83 | 0.005## | 0.005## | 0.817 | 0.019# |
Subgroup analysis were adjusted for all covariates including age, logarithmic urinary creatinine, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), educational level, marriage, poverty income ratio, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome.
CI, confidence interval.
# p < 0.05.
## p < 0.01.