Table 1.
Magnitude of acceleration (ENMO and MAD) by participant characteristics.
| ENMO [mean ± SD mg] | MAD [mean ± SD mg] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| < 30 | 12.9 ± 4.1 | 12.4 ± 3.7 | 21.8 ± 6.7 | 20.8 ± 6.1 |
| (n = 2660) | (n = 3024) | (n = 2660) | (n = 3024) | |
| 30–39 | 12.9 ± 3.8 | 12.2 ± 3.5 | 21.9 ± 6.4 | 20.6 ± 5.6 |
| (n = 3046) | (n = 3498) | (n = 3046) | (n = 3498) | |
| 40–49 | 12.8 ± 3.9 | 12.1 ± 3.5 | 21.8 ± 6.4 | 20.5 ± 5.8 |
| (n = 7841) | (n = 8725) | (n = 7841) | (n = 8725) | |
| 50–59 | 12.2 ± 4.0 | 11.6 ± 3.3 | 20.8 ± 6.6 | 19.7 ± 5.6 |
| (n = 8092) | (n = 9125) | (n = 8092) | (n = 9125) | |
| 60–69 | 10.5 ± 3.5 | 10.3 ± 3.1 | 18.0 ± 5.9 | 17.5 ± 5.1 |
| (n = 7923) | (n = 7990) | (n = 7923) | (n = 7990) | |
| ≥ 70 | 9.7 ± 3.4 | 9.5 ± 3.0 | 16.5 ± 5.5 | 16.2 ± 4.9 |
| (n = 695) | (n = 617) | (n = 695) | (n = 617) | |
| BMI (1238 NA) | ||||
| Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 11.4 ± 4.3 | 12.1 ± 3.8 | 19.2 ± 6.9 | 20.6 ± 6.2 |
| (n = 136) | (n = 528) | (n = 136) | (n = 528) | |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 12.9 ± 4.2 | 12.3 ± 3.6 | 22.0 ± 6.8 | 20.9 ± 5.8 |
| (n = 10,027) | (n = 16,113) | (n = 10,027) | (n = 16,113) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 12.0 ± 3.8 | 11.2 ± 3.1 | 20.4 ± 6.3 | 19.0 ± 5.2 |
| (n = 13,452) | (n = 9578) | (n = 13,452) | (n = 9578) | |
| Obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2) | 10.5 ± 3.5 | 9.8 ± 2.9 | 17.9 ± 5.9 | 16.7 ± 4.9 |
| (n = 6049) | (n = 6115) | (n = 6049) | (n = 6115) | |
| Time of daya | ||||
| 0:00–5:59 AM | 3.3 ± 3.0 | 2.8 ± 2.4 | 4.9 ± 4.1 | 4.1 ± 2.9 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| 6:00–11:59 AM | 14.2 ± 7.0 | 13.9 ± 6.2 | 24.4 ± 11.5 | 23.7 ± 10.1 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| 12:00–5:59 PM | 18.5 ± 7.3 | 18.1 ± 6.4 | 32.2 ± 12.1 | 31.5 ± 10.8 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| 6:00–11:59 PM | 11.7 ± 6.2 | 10.9 ± 5.2 | 19.7 ± 10.0 | 18.4 ± 8.5 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| Day of the weekb | ||||
| Week | 12.1 ± 4.1 | 11.6 ± 3.5 | 20.7 ± 6.9 | 19.8 ± 5.9 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| Weekend | 11.5 ± 5.1 | 11.1 ± 4.4 | 19.6 ± 8.3 | 18.9 ± 7.3 |
| (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | (n = 30,257) | (n = 32,979) | |
| Season of the yearc | ||||
| Spring | 12.2 ± 4.0 | 11.6 ± 3.5 | 20.9 ± 6.7 | 19.8 ± 5.8 |
| (n = 7926) | (n = 8692) | (n = 7926) | (n = 8692) | |
| Summer | 12.5 ± 4.1 | 12.0 ± 3.6 | 21.3 ± 6.7 | 20.4 ± 5.9 |
| (n = 6971) | (n = 7887) | (n = 6971) | (n = 7887) | |
| Autumn | 11.8 ± 3.9 | 11.4 ± 3.4 | 20.1 ± 6.4 | 19.3 ± 5.6 |
| (n = 7558) | (n = 8483) | (n = 7558) | (n = 8483) | |
| Winter | 11.4 ± 3.8 | 10.9 ± 3.3 | 19.3 ± 6.3 | 18.5 ± 5.5 |
| (n = 7802) | (n = 7917) | (n = 7802) | (n = 7917) | |
n = 63,236 participants (sample for physical activity analysis).
ENMO and MAD values were winsorized at age- and sex-specific 99.9th percentile.
BMI body mass index, ENMO Euclidean Norm Minus One with negative values set to zero, MAD mean amplitude deviation, see text, mg milli gravitational acceleration, SD standard deviation.
aAverage acceleration vector magnitude per time period.
bAverage acceleration vector magnitude per day; Only valid days with ≥ 16 valid wear hours included.
cSpring starting on 1st March; First day of wear determines classification to month.