Table V.
Items regarding methods for correct hand hygiene. Correct answers marked as bold and italics. Data presented as number of correct answers (n) out of the number of respondents (N) “n/N (%).” Each subscript letter (a, b) denotes a subset of group whose proportions do not differ from each other
| Item | NSS11 n/N (%) | NSS62 n/N (%) | RN3 n/N (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| True statements about alcohol-based disinfectant and handwashing with soap and water are answered with true or false alternatives | ||||
| Hand disinfectant is more rapid for hand cleansing than handwashing (True) | 36/68 (52.9) | 28/45 (60.9) | 38/83 (45.8) | 0.21 |
| Hand disinfectant causes skin dryness more than handwashing (False) | 46/67 (68.7)a | 39/43 (90.7)b | 75/83 (90.4)b | 0.00 |
| Hand disinfectant is more effective against germs than handwashing (True) | 38/68 (44.1) | 21/45 (53.3) | 44/83 (47.0) | 0.65 |
| Handwashing and hand disinfectant are recommended to be performed in sequence (False) | 15/71 (21.1)a | 3/45 (6.7)b | 8/83 (9.6)b | 0.05 |
| The minimal time needed for alcohol-based hand disinfectant to kill most germs on your hands (3, 10, 20, 60 seconds) | 48/71 (67.6) | 35/46 (76.1) | 66/84 (78.6) | 0.22 |
| Type of hand hygiene method required, answered with the alternatives: hand disinfectant, handwashing, or none | ||||
| Before palpation of the abdomen (Hand Disinfectant) | 50/71 (70.4)a | 44/46 (95.7)b | 80/84 (95.2)b | 0.00 |
| Before giving an injection (Hand Disinfectant) | 66/70 (94.3)a,b | 40/46 (87.0)a | 82/83 (98.8)b | 0.02 |
| After emptying a bedpan (Handwashing) | 47/70 (67.1) | 38/45 (84.4) | 58/83 (69.9) | 0.10 |
| After removing examination gloves (Hand Disinfectant) | 62/70 (88.6)a | 45/46 (97.8)a,b | 81/83 (97.6)b | 0.04 |
| After making a patient's bed (Hand Disinfectant) | 45/69 (65.2)a | 38/45 (84.4)b | 65/83 (78.3)a,b | 0.05 |
| After visible exposure to blood (Handwashing) | 52/71 (73.2)a | 43/46 (93.5)b | 69/84 (82.1)a,b | 0.02 |
NSS11 = Nursing students-semester 1, NSS62 = Nursing students-semester 6, RN3 = Registered nurses.