Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of OS after surgery for RGC using Cox’s proportional hazard model

Variables	n = 38	Univariatea		Multivariateb
		5-year OS rate (%)	P-value	HR	95%CI	P-value
Sex
Female	10	77.8	0.944
Male	28	77.0
Age (years)
< 65	8	85.7	0.512
> 65	30	74.8
Postoperative complication (CD grade ≥ 3)
No	30	74.3	0.596
Yes	8	85.7
Tumor size
< 50 mm	29	77.7	0.915
> 50 mm	9	77.8
Histological type
Differentiated	23	67.6	0.130
Undifferentiated	15	91.7
pT
pT1	21	83.3	0.387
pT2-	17	69.1
pN
pN0	36	82.5	< 0.001*
pN1-	2	0.0
pStage
pStage I	28	86.2	0.038*	1
pStage II	10	51.4		2.37	0.498–12.74	0.273
LVI
Negative	23	94.4	0.006*	1
Positive	15	51.9		8.27	1.285–161.6	0.024*

CD Clavien–Dindo, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, LVI lymphovascular invasion, OS overall survival

^aKaplan-Meier method; the log-rank test was used to detect statistical significance

^bThe Cox proportional hazards model was utilized in the multivariate analysis

^*P < 0.05: significantly different