Domains of E1 identified by deletion mapping and sequence analysis. Included are the following: epitopes of two novel HPV-16 E1 MAbs mapped by using the deletion series, deletion mapping data for E2 and p68 interaction sites (the larger E2 region is required at 4°C), secondary-structure prediction made by using multiple alignments as input, and sequence homology. Note that the deletion mapping coordinates given refer only to the outer boundaries for simplicity, so the true domains could be several residues shorter at either end. Note the close correspondence of deletion mapping and sequence analysis data, suggesting that the core helicase–E2-binding domain is aa 432 to 583 or 617 whereas an additional region (aa 397 to 432; equivalent to region A, conserved for papovavirus helicases only) is required for p68 binding.