Table 1.
Baseline demographics of Covid-19 hospitalizations
| CU | No CU | |
| Frequency (N) | 13,750 | 1,684,810 |
| Mean (Std err.) | Mean (Std err.) | |
| Age in years at admission | 41.46 (0.32)** | 63.37 (0.09)** |
| Length of Stay | 7.17 (0.30)** | 7.98 (0.03)** |
| Total Charges | $73,171.75 (3415.38)** | $91,168.11 (1188.73)** |
| Age Group | Mean Percent (Standard Error) | Mean Percent (Standard Error) |
| AGE Group 1: 18–29 | 30.65 (0.92)** | 4.73 (0.07)** |
| AGE Group 2; 30–54 | 44.29 (0.95)** | 24.03 (0.16)** |
| AGE Group 3: 55–64 | 15.71 (0.69)** | 19.28 (0.08)** |
| AGE Group 4: 65–79 | 8.61 (0.51)** | 32.08 (0.13)** |
| AGE Group 5: 80–85 | 0.58 (0.16)** | 8.52 (0.07)** |
| AGE Group 6: 86–120 | 0.15 (0.07)** | 11.36 (0.10)** |
| Racial or Ethnic Group | ||
| White | 38.95% (1.10)** | 50.85% (0.56)** |
| Black | 35.96% (1.10)** | 19.11% (0.40)** |
| Hispanic | 16.95% (0.90)** | 21.42% (0.50)** |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1.42% (4.52)** | 3.30% (0.12)** |
| Native American | 2.76% (0.41)** | 1.00% (0.09)** |
| Other Racial or Ethnic Group | 3.96 (0.42) | 4.33 (0.19) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 65.91%** | 52.00%** |
| Female | 34.09% (0.90)** | 48.00% (0.12)** |
| Primary Expected Payer | ||
| Medicare | 19.38% (0.75)** | 50.84% (0.27)** |
| Medicaid | 43.14% (1.09)** | 14.27% (0.24)** |
| Private Insurance | 22.41% (0.86)** | 26.52% (0.25)** |
| Self-pay | 8.83% (0.59)** | 3.74% (0.13)** |
| No charge | 0.54% (0.15)** | 0.27% (0.05)** |
| Other | 5.69% (0.54)** | 4.35% (0.12)** |
| Length of Stay Group | ||
| Less than 7 Days | 68.73 (1.08)** | 60.32 (0.17)** |
| 7–13 Days | 19.71 (0.79)** | 25.54 (0.11)** |
| 14–20 Days | 5.85 (0.49)** | 8.02 (0.06)** |
| 21–29 Days | 3.13 (0.32) | 3.99 (0.04)** |
| 30–45 Days | 1.27 (0.23)** | 2.15 (0.03)** |
| 45–60 Days | 0.62 (0.14) | 0.61 (0.02) |
| 61–780 Days | 0.69 (0.17)** | 0.36 (0.01)** |
| Total Charge in US Dollars | ||
| Less than $50 k | 62.03% (1.12)** | 54.85% (0.40)** |
| $50,000–99,999 | 21.77% (0.87)** | 23.52% (0.19)** |
| $100 k–249,999 | 12.53% (0.64)** | 15.19% (0.19)** |
| $250 k–499,999 | 2.55% (0.31)** | 4.67% (0.08)** |
| $500 k–1 m | 1.11% (0.21)** | 1.77% (0.05)** |
| ZIPINC_QRTL—Median Income for Patient Zip Code | ||
| ZIPINC_QRTL 1- $1–24,999 | 42.73% (1.26)** | 33.88% (0.56)** |
| ZIPINC_QRTL 2- $25,000–34,999 | 25.08% (0.98)** | 27.13% (0.38)** |
| ZIPINC_QRTL 3- $35,000–44,999 | 18.85% (0.87)** | 22.22% (0.35)** |
| ZIPINC_QRTL 4- $45,000 or more | 13.35% (0.79)** | 16.78% (0.47)** |
| Hospital Region | ||
| HOSP_REGION 1: Northeast | 17.38% (1.14)** | 19.02% (0.53)** |
| HOSP_REGION 2: Midwest | 24.25% (1.18)** | 22.18% (0.46)** |
| HOSP_REGION 3: South | 34.51% (1.30)** | 40.77% (0.57)** |
| HOSP_REGION 4: West | 23.85% (1.35)** | 18.04% (0.45)** |
| Bed-size of Hospital | ||
| HOSP_BEDSIZE 1: Small | 20.95% (1.15)** | 24.30% (0.52)** |
| HOSP_BEDSIZE 2: Medium | 27.13% (1.19)** | 29.03% (0.50)** |
| HOSP_BEDSIZE 3: Large | 51.93% (1.42)** | 46.67% (0.59) |
| Location & Teaching Status of Hospital | ||
| HOSP_LOCTEACH 1: Rural | 4.04% (0.42)** | 9.71% (0.24)** |
| HOSP_LOCTEACH 2: Urban Nonteaching | 14.44% (0.88)** | 18.54% (0.40)** |
| HOSP_LOCTEACH 3: Urban Teaching | 81.53% (0.96)** | 71.76% (0.46)** |
| Admission on the Weekend | 26.58% (0.84) | 25.89% (0.08) |
| Admission Month | ||
| January | 0.51% (0.14)** | 0.21% (0.01)** |
| February | 0.55% (0.14)** | 0.16% (0.009)** |
| March | 3.01% (0.35)** | 4.72% (0.16)** |
| April | 7.41% (0.49)** | 11.35% (0.26)** |
| May | 6.75% (0.53) | 6.34% (0.11) |
| June | 8.10% (0.55)** | 6.03% (0.10)** |
| July | 12.72% (0.63)** | 11.12% (0.17)** |
| August | 9.72% (0.59)** | 7.55% (0.09)** |
| September | 6.75% (0.46)** | 5.52% (0.06)** |
| October | 8.62% (0.53) | 8.97% (0.10) |
| November | 16.65% (0.72)** | 18.24% (0.16)** |
| December | 19.22% (0.78) | 19.79% (0.17) |
ZIPQRTL Median household income for patient's ZIP Code (based on current year)
**P less than or equal to 0.05 on χ2 analysis