Table 1.
Characteristics of the 601 Patients with Cirrhosis Included in This Study
| Characteristics | All (N = 601) | By platelet response after TIPS | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not in the top quartile for percent platelet increase, n = 450 (75%) | In the top quartile for percent platelet increase, n = 151 (25%) | |||
| Age (y) | 57 (52–62) | 57 (50–62) | 59 (54–64) | .001 |
| Female | 227 (38) | 169 (38) | 58 (38) | .85 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 410 (68) | 308 (68) | 102 (68) | .74 |
| Black | 26 (4) | 22 (5) | 4 (3) | |
| Hispanic | 118 (20) | 85 (19) | 33 (22) | |
| Asian | 10 (2) | 7 (2) | 3 (2) | |
| Other | 37 (6) | 28 (6) | 9 (6) | |
| Etiology of liver disease | ||||
| Alcohol | 184 (31) | 152 (34) | 32 (21) | .02 |
| Hepatitis C | 194 (32) | 140 (31) | 54 (36) | |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease | 114 (19) | 85 (19) | 29 (19) | |
| Other | 109 (18) | 73 (16) | 36 (24) | |
| Indication for TIPS | ||||
| Ascites/hepatic hydrothorax | 331 (55) | 262 (58) | 69 (46) | .002 |
| Variceal bleeding | 180 (30) | 121 (27) | 59 (39) | |
| PVT/other | 56 (9) | 37 (8) | 19 (13) | |
| Multiple | 34 (6) | 30 (7) | 4 (3) | |
| Pre-TIPS platelet count (x109/L) | 89 (63–132) | 103 (74–145) | 63 (46–81) | .0001 |
| MELD | 13 (11–17) | 13 (10–16) | 15 (11–19) | .0002 |
| INR | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.5 (1.3–1.6) | .002 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.5 (1.0–2.4) | 1.4 (1.0–2.2) | 1.8 (1.2–3.2) | .0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | .11 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.9 (2.5–3.3) | 2.8 (2.5–3.2) | 2.9 (2.4–3.4) | .42 |
| Dialysis | 16 (3) | 9 (2) | 7 (5) | .08 |
| Ascites | 441 (74) | 349 (79) | 92 (62) | <.001 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 269 (45) | 197 (44) | 72 (48) | .40 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 44 (8) | 26 (6) | 18 (12) | .01 |
| Variceal bleeding within 1 y prior to TIPS | 214 (36) | 153 (34) | 61 (41) | .15 |
| Gastric varices | 105 (17) | 83 (18) | 22 (15) | .28 |
| Pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient | 16 (13–20) | 16 (13–21) | 16 (13–19) | .15 |
| Post-TIPS portosystemic gradient | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | .19 |
| Change in portosystemic gradient | 10 (7–14) | 11 (8–14) | 10 (7–14) | .31 |
| Pre-TIPS main portal vein flow direction | ||||
| Hepatopetal | 285 (92) | 220 (93) | 65 (88) | .31 |
| Hepatofugal | 15 (5) | 10 (4) | 5 (7) | |
| No flow | 10 (3) | 6 (3) | 4 (5) | |
| Pre-TIPS portal vein diameter | 1.7 (1.4–12) | 1.7 (1.4–13) | 1.7 (1.4–10) | .57 |
| Variceal embolization at TIPS | 149 (26) | 102 (24) | 47 (32) | .04 |
Note–Values are reported as median (interquartile range) or n (%). Patients in the top quartile for percentage platelet increase had ≥32% platelet increase. INR = international normalized ratio; MELD = model for end-stage liver disease; PVT = portal vein thrombosis; TIPS = transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt