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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Psychol. 2024 Feb 1;80(5):1065–1078. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23651

Table 7.

Discriminant Validity of Dehumanization and Procedural Justice using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 2993)

Single Factor Model
Two Factor Model
Variable Factor Loadings SE Factor Loadings SE Factor Loadings SE


PDOS1 .690 .012 .723 .011
PDOS2 .763 .010 .811 .010
PDOS3 .783 .009 .774 .011
PJ1 −.583 .014 .722 .013
PJ2 −.546 .015 .664 .014
PJ3 −.541 .015 .631 .015

χ2(df) 662.852(9) 139.351(8)
RMSEA .156 .074
AIC 38090.143 37568.643
BIC 38198.216 37682.719
CFI .889 .978
TLI .815 .958
SRMR .068 .030

ABBREVIATIONS: PDOS: Perceived Dehumanization from Officers; PJ: Procedural Justice; SE = Standard Error; χ2(df) = Chi-squared (degrees of freedom); RMSEA = Root mean squared error of approximation; AIC = Akaike's information criterion; BIC = Bayesian information criterion; CFI = Comparative fit index, TLI = Tucker-Lewis Index; SRMR = Standardized root mean squared residual.

NOTES: All factor loading are significant at p < .001.