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. 2024 Apr 6;15:2974. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47289-2

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Representative image of 8-week-old male Hoip^loxP/wt Osx-Cre⁺ (referred to as CTRL) Hoip^loxP/loxP Osx-Cre⁺ (referred to as CKO) mice. b Weight monitoring of HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. n = 5 per group. c Quantification of maximal loading and stiffness of humeral diaphysis from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. n = 5 per group. d Serum levels of N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 (CTX-1) from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. n = 6 per group. e Histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bones from 6, 12,18-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice, including bone mass density (BMD), bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp). n = 5 per group. f Representative micro-CT images of trabecular bones from 6, 12,18-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. Scale bars, 0.1 cm. g Von Kossa staining of femurs from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. Scale bars, 0.2 mm. h Safranin O staining of femurs from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. Scale bars, 0.2 mm. TRAP staining (i) of femurs from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice and quantification (j) of osteoclast surface/ millimeter of bone perimeter (Oc.BS) and osteoclast number/ millimeter of bone perimeter (N.Oc/BS) in (g). n = 3 per group, Scale bars, 50 μm. k Representative images of calcein double staining and quantitative analysis of mineralization apposition rate (MAR) of femurs from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. n = 3 per group, Scale bars, 100 μm. l H&E staining of femurs from 8-week-old HOIP CTRL and CKO mice. Scale bars, 200 μm. m Quantitative analysis of osteoblast number/ millimeter of bone perimeter (N.Ob/BS) and osteoblast surface/ millimeter of bone perimeter (Ob.S/BS) in femurs from (l). n = 3 per group. All the data are shown as the mean ± SEM; p values are from the unpaired two-sided t-test and two-way ANOVA (Sidak’s multiple comparisons test). n.s., no significant. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.