Table 3. Summary of samples for which initial host identifications were unresolved to the family-, genus- or species-level based on visual inspections and for which additional gene regions obtained from metagenomic data were used to determine the host identity. The genes used for plant host identifications included the maturase K (matK) and ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) genes, and the cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (coI) gene was used for insect identification. The e-value, percent identity, and bitscores of the top blastn hit(s) for the sample are provided to illustrate the support for the gene-based host identification. na=Not applicable.

			Top hit name (accession no.), e-value, nucleotide percent identity (%), bitscore per barcode
Sample name	Host identification based on morphology	Host identification based on barcode analysis	matK	rbcL	coI
BAWM-037	Unknown weed	Family: MalvaceaeGenus: SidaSpecies: Sida sp.	Sida rhombifolia (MN006709);Sida acuta (MN006706)1.98E-38, 100 %, 22	Sida cordifolia (MH588540)8.18E-47, 100 %, 28	na
BAWM-057	Unknown weed	Family: SolanaceaeGenus: SolanumSpecies: Solanum sp.	Solanum chenopodioides (MH464378);Solanum americanum (MK244345)1.72E-39, 100 %, 32	Solanum tripartitum (KF546075); Solanum palitans (KF546070)4.63E-75, 97.1 %, 57	na
BAWM-079	Unknown weed	Family: SolanaceaeGenus: SolanumSpecies: Solanum sp.	Solanum nigrum (KC535797)1.59E-35, 91.0 %, 22	Solanum rostratum (NC_057245)1.00E-69, 100 %, 345	na
BAWM-302	Unknown weed	Family: SolanaceaeGenus: SolanumSpecies: Solanum sp.	Solanum elaeagnifolium (EU983576);Solanum melanospermum (EU983565)0, 96.4 %, 100	Solanum rostratum (MK526696)0, 95.4 %, 100	na
BAWM-315	Family: Fabaceae	Family: FabaceaeGenus: CrotalariaSpecies: Crotalaria sp.	Crotalaria juncea (JQ619982.1)3.6E-41, 98.90 %, 163	Crotalaria sagittalis (KY584333); Crotalaria spectabilis (KJ773415); Crotalaria pallida (KJ773413)7.6E-29, 100 %, 13	na
BAWM-316	Family: Lamiaceae	Family: AsteraceaeSpecies: Chromolaena odorata	Chromolaena odorata (MN558588)5.6E-57, 100 %, 45	Chromolaena odorata (MH767490)0, 91.9 %, 58	na
BAWM-319	Family: Lamiaceae	Family: MalvaceaeGenus: SidaSpecies: Sida sp.	Sida rhombifolia (KT966997);Sida fallax (MF350256)3.00E-46, 94.78 %, 180	Sida rhombifolia (MH549993)1.03E-50, 100 %, 30	na
BAWM-321	Family: Lamiaceae	Family: AsteraceaeGenus: UndeterminedSpecies: Undetermined	Praxelis clematidea (KX526581)2.58E-176, 94.8 %, 100Chromolaena odorata (MN558588)5.59E-173, 94.3 %, 100	Chromolaena odorata (KY986097)1.83E-62, 96.7 %, 14	na
BAWM-342B	Genus: Orosius	Species: Orosius argentatus	na	na	Orosius argentatus (KR030333)0, 99.6 %, 5
BAWM-343A	Genus: Orosius	Species: Orosius argentatus	na	na	Orosius argentatus (KR030333)0, 99.9 %, 5