Table 4. List of phytoplasma hosts investigated in this study, characterized based on whether the host was recorded previously as a phytoplasma host/putative vector or not, and whether these hosts were classified as crop (C), insects (I), native plant (NP), ornamental (O), or weed (W) in this study. A list of the phytoplasma taxa that were identified are listed for the respective host.
| Host family | Host genus/species name | Host classification | Phytoplasma taxa detected |
| Previously recorded phytoplasma hosts for Australia collected in this study | |||
| Apiaceae | Apium graveolens | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Apocynaceae | Catharanthus roseus | O | Vigna Little Leaf phytoplasma;Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' and 'Ca. P. stylosanthis') |
| Asteraceae sp. | Asteraceae sp.* | W | 'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Caricaceae | Carica papaya | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';'Ca. P. stylosanthis' |
| Cicadellidae | Orosius argentatus** | I | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. stylosanthis' |
| Cicadellidae | Orosius orientalis | I | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' (blastn) |
| Convolvulaceae | Bonamia pannosa | W | 'Ca. P. bonamiae' |
| Convolvulaceae | Ipomoea batatas | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Convolvulaceae | Ipomoea sp. | W | New 16SrII species |
| Cucurbitaceae | Cucurbita maxima (Pumpkin) | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' and 'Ca. P. fabacearum') |
| Fabaceae | Arachis hypogaea | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Fabaceae | Cajanus cajan | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Fabaceae | Cicer arietinum | C | 'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Fabaceae | Crotalaria sp. | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Fabaceae | Crotalaria sp.‡ | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Fabaceae | Glycine max | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1;'Ca. P. fabacearum';Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' and 'Ca. P. fabacearum') |
| Fabaceae | Medicago sativa | C | 'Ca. P. fabacearum';New 16SrII species |
| Fabaceae | Stylosanthes scabra | C | 'Ca. P. stylosanthis';'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 5;Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' and 'Ca. P. stylosanthis') |
| Fabaceae | Vigna radiata | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Fabaceae | Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Lecythidaceae | Planchonia careya | NP | 'Ca. P. planchoniae' |
| Malvaceae | Sida sp. | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 4 |
| Malvaceae | Waltheria sp. | W | Waltheria Little Leaf phytoplasma |
| Myrtaceae | Melaleuca sp. | NP | 'Ca. P. melaleucae' |
| Rosaceae | Fragaria ×Ananassa Duch. Cv. Pajaro | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1 |
| Solanaceae | Capsicum annuum | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1;'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Solanaceae | Petunia sp. | O | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Solanaceae | Solanum lycopersicum | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae'; 'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Solanaceae | Solanum melongena | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1 |
| Solanaceae | Solanum nigrum | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Solanaceae | Solanum sp. | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum';'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1;'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 2;Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon one and 'Ca. P. stylosanthis') |
| Solanaceae | Solanum tuberosum | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum'; 'Ca. P. stylosanthis' |
| Vitaceae | Vitis viniferacv. Chardonnay/Riesling | C | 'Ca. P. australiense' (16SrXII)(blastn);16SrII Alfalfa phytoplasma (Sudan) (blastn) |
| New phytoplasma host records for Australia from this study | |||
| Apiaceae | Petroselinum crispum | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Asteraceae | Bidens pilosa | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Asteraceae† | Chromolaena odorata | W | Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' and 'Ca. P. fabacearum') |
| Asteraceae | Gynura crepioides (Okinawa Spinach) | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 1 |
| Asteraceae | Osteospermum sp. | O | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Asteraceae | Peripleura diffusa | NP | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Asteraceae | Praxelis clematidea | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' and 'Ca. P. fabacearum') |
| Convolvulaceae | Convolvulus clementii | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Citrullus lanatus | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Cucumis sativus | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Luffa acutangula | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Luffa sp. | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Momordica charantia | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae';ViLL |
| Cucurbitaceae | Trichosanthes cucumerina | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum' taxon 3 |
| Fabaceae | Bituminaria bituminosa | C | 'Ca. P. fabacearum' |
| Fabaceae | Crotalaria juncea | W | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Geraniaceae | Geranium sp. | O | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Geraniaceae | Pelargonium sp. | O | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Asteraceae | Echinacea purpurea†† | O | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Cucurbitaceae | Cucurbita pepo var. giromontiina (Zucchini)†† | C | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
| Goodeniaceae | Goodenia scaevolina†† | NP | Mixed infection ('Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' and 'Ca. P. stylosanthis') |
| Malvaceae | Gomphocarpus fruticosus†† | wW | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. australasiaticum' |
| Pedaliaceae | Phyllanthus fuernrohrii†† | NP | 'Ca. P. australasiaticum subsp. ipomoeae' |
*Indicates a sample for which the initial host family was unknown based on morphology but was subsequently identified to be a species within the Asteraceae using plant DNA barcodes.
†Indicates a sample where the host was initially identified as a Lamiaceae sp. but was subsequently identified as an Asteraceae species.
‡Indicates a sample for which the host was initially identified as a Fabaceae species but was subsequently identified to be a species within the genus Crotalaria.
§Indicates a sample where the host was initially identified to be a Lamiaceae species but for which the plant barcodes identified the host as a Malvaceae species (genus: Sida).
¶Indicates a sample for which the host species was unknown but subsequently identified as a species within the Solanaceae family.
**Indicates samples where an insect host was identified to the genus Orosius but which was subsequently identified as Orosius argentatus based on analysis of the COI gene sequence.
††Indicates a new host species for phytoplasmas in Australia but not a new host genus record.