Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and univariate analysis of patients with PAD.
| Variables | Total (n = 281) | Sarcopenia (n = 116) | No sarcopenia (n = 165) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73.0 ± 9.26 | 76.5 ± 8.67 | 70.6 ± 8.89 | <0.001 * |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 201 (71.5) | 80 (69.0) | 121 (73.3) | |
| Female | 80 (28.5) | 36 (31.0) | 44 (26.7) | 0.425 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 (14.7, 46.3) | 20.8 (14.7, 46.3) | 23.4 (15.2, 32.5) | <0.001 * |
| Diabetes, n (%) | ||||
| No | 138 (49.1) | 62 (53.4) | 76 (46.1) | |
| Yes | 143 (50.9) | 54 (46.6) | 89 (53.9) | 0.223 |
| HBP, n (%) | ||||
| No | 69 (24.6) | 25 (21.6) | 44 (26.7) | |
| Yes | 212 (75.4) | 91 (78.4) | 121 (73.3) | 0.327 |
| CHD, n (%) | ||||
| No | 233 (82.9) | 90 (77.6) | 143 (86.7) | |
| Yes | 48 (17.1) | 26 (22.4) | 22 (13.3) | 0.049 * |
| Stroke, n (%) | ||||
| No | 217 (77.2) | 89 (76.7) | 128 (77.6) | |
| Yes | 64 (22.8) | 27 (23.3) | 37 (22.4) | 0.867 |
| Smoking, n (%) | ||||
| No | 233 (82.9) | 97 (83.6) | 136 (82.4) | |
| Yes | 48 (17.1) | 19 (16.4) | 29 (17.6) | 0.793 |
| Drinking, n (%) | ||||
| No | 261 (92.9) | 109 (94.0) | 152 (92.1) | |
| Yes | 20 (7.1) | 7 (6.0) | 13 (7.9) | 0.555 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.80 (4.50, 13.7) | 6.75 (4.50, 12.8) | 6.80 (4.70, 13.7) | 0.502 |
| ALB (g/L) | 38.2 ± 5.45 | 36.3 ± 5.92 | 39.5 ± 4.65 | <0.001 * |
| ALT (U/L) | 15.0 (2.00, 80.0) | 14.0 (3.00, 80.0) | 16.0 (2.00, 74.0) | 0.949 |
| AST (U/L) | 19.0 (8.00, 90) | 19.0 (9.00, 90.0) | 18.0 (8.00, 88.0) | 0.137 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.82 (2.28, 19.4) | 5.35 (2.28, 19.4) | 5.93 (2.86, 15.8) | 0.754 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 6.30 (2.00, 31.5) | 6.65 (2.00, 29.5) | 6.20 (2.70, 31.5) | 0.535 |
| Scr (μmol/L) | 76.2 (36.7, 226) | 76.5 (36.7, 226) | 76.2 (39.7, 224) | 0.542 |
| BUA (μmol/L) | 337 ± 109 | 338 ± 122 | 337 ± 99.3 | 0.897 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.00 (1.99, 10.5) | 3.85 (2.14, 10.5) | 4.14 (1.99, 8.90) | 0.380 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.28 (0.39, 8.79) | 1.20 (0.50, 8.79) | 1.34 (0.39, 7.30) | 0.242 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.00 (0.45, 2.21) | 1.00 (0.51, 2.07) | 1.00 (0.45, 2.21) | 0.904 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.45 (0.75, 7.00) | 2.32 (0.75, 5.66) | 2.47 (0.98, 7.00) | 0.373 |
| WBC ( × 10^9/L) | 7.15 (2.23, 24.2) | 7.79 (2.67, 24.2) | 7.01 (2.23, 16.6) | 0.001 * |
| PLR | 146 (27.1, 685) | 155 (49.1, 685) | 144 (27.1, 604) | 0.002 * |
| Lesion involved site, n (%) | ||||
| Lliac artery | 277 (98.6%) | 115 (99.1%) | 162 (98.2%) | 0.515 |
| Femoropopliteal artery | 271 (96.4%) | 116 (100%) | 155 (93.9%) | 0.999 |
| Below knee triple arteries | 261 (92.9%) | 112 (96.6%) | 149 (90.3%) | 0.055 |
| Lesion length, n (%) | ||||
| Focal | 14 (5.0) | 1 (0.9) | 13 (7.9) | Ref. |
| Short | 57 (20.3) | 17 (14.7) | 40 (24.2) | 0.011 * |
| Intermediate | 81 (28.8) | 30 (25.9) | 51 (30.9) | 0.004 * |
| Long | 129 (45.9) | 68 (58.6) | 61 (37.0) | 0.027 * |
| Severity of luminal stenosis, n (%) | ||||
| Mild | 24 (8.5) | 1 (0.9) | 23 (13.9) | Ref. |
| Moderate | 37 (13.2) | 8 (6.9) | 29 (17.6) | 0.001 * |
| Severe | 96 (34.2) | 34 (29.3) | 62 (37.6) | <0.001 * |
| Occluded | 124 (44.1) | 73 (62.9) | 51 (30.9) | 0.001 * |
| TASC II classification, n (%) | ||||
| A | 18 (6.4) | 1 (0.9) | 17 (10.3) | Ref. |
| B | 81 (28.8) | 29 (25.0) | 52 (31.5) | 0.004 * |
| C | 133 (47.3) | 59 (50.9) | 74 (44.8) | 0.033 * |
| D | 49 (17.4) | 27 (23.3) | 22 (13.3) | 0.199 |
| PACSS classification, n (%) | ||||
| Grade 0 | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | Ref. |
| Grade 1 | 9 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 9 (5.5) | 0.850 |
| Grade 2 | 7 (2.5) | 2 (1.7) | 5 (3.0) | 0.167 |
| Grade 3 | 159 (56.6) | 54 (46.6) | 105 (63.6) | 0.999 |
| Grade 4 | 104 (37.0) | 59 (50.9) | 45 (27.3) | <0.001 * |
| PARC classification, n (%) | ||||
| No calcification | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | Ref. |
| Focal calcification | 17 (6.0) | 3 (2.6) | 14 (8.5) | 0.982 |
| Mild calcification | 47 (16.7) | 15 (12.9) | 32 (19.4) | 0.017 * |
| Moderate calcification | 93 (33.1) | 35 (30.2) | 58 (35.2) | 0.029 * |
| Severe calcification | 122 (43.4) | 62 (53.4) | 60 (36.4) | 0.055 |
| Collateral circulation formation, n (%) | ||||
| No | 275 (97.9) | 112 (96.6) | 163 (98.8) | |
| Yes | 6 (2.1) | 4 (3.4) | 2 (1.2) | 0.222 |
Data are the number of patients and percentage if not specified.
*P < 0.05.
BMI, body mass index; HBP, high blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; WBC, white blood cell count; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; FBG, fasting blood glucose; ALB, albumin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine transaminase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Scr, serum creatinine; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUA, blood uric acid; PACSS, Peripheral Arterial Calcium Scoring System; PARC, Peripheral Academic Research Consortium.