Table 3.

In vivo performance of nanomedicines based on non-approved drugs.

Administration route/drug/type of nanomedicine	Composition/properties	In vivo studies	Ref.
oral H2bdtca SLN	Na taurodeoxycholate, stearic acid, soya lecithin, and H2bdtc (0.12, 0.95, 0.48, and 0.02% w/v, respectively) 127 ± 0.130 nm; PDI < 0.3; −56.1 ± 4.40 mV ζ-potential	acute model, Swiss mice, Y strain BNZ 1 mg/kg/day H2bdtc and H2bdtc-SLN 1.4 mg/kg/day starting 5 dpi oral for 10 days	[70]
IV LYC polymeric NCs	PLA-PEG NC: 1:1 PLA-PEG and Resomer 203 (1.2% w/v), Epikuron 170 (0.4% w/v), Miglyol 810N (2.5% v/v) 105.3 ± 2.3 nm; PDI < 0.3	acute model, Swiss mice, Y strain 4th dpi for up to 20 consecutive days at 2 mg/kg/day	[71]
oral LYC polymeric NCs	same formulations as in [71]	acute and chronic models, Swiss mice, Y strain acute: from 4 dpi for up to 20 consecutive days 5 mg/kg/day; BNZ 100 mg/kg/day chronic: stating on 90 dpi for 20 days 2 mg/kg/day; BNZ 50 mg/kg/day	[72]
oral LYC polymeric NCs	PLA-PEG NC 107 ± 8 nm; PDI < 0.3; −31 ± 8 mV ζ-potential	acute and chronic models, Swiss mice, VL-10 strain (100% resistant to BNZ and NFX). free LYC and LYC-PLA-PEG-NC 8 or 12 mg/kg/day by oral gavage from 9 dpi for acute and from 90 dpi for chronic administered for 20 days	[75]
oral BNZ + curcumin polymeric Nps	PLGA (50:50) Nps	chronic model, C57BL/6 mice, Brazil strain BNZ (25 mg/kg/day) + Np PLGA CUR (200 mg/kg/day) for 30 days from 60 dpi	[76]
oral curcumin nanodispersion	Theracurmin 10 w/w% of curcumin, 2% of other curcuminoids, 46% of glycerin, 4% of gum ghatti, and 38% of water 190 nm	acute model, Swiss mice, Colombian strain 30 mg/kg day theracurmin for 30 days	[79]
IV ursolic acid polymeric Nps	PLC and poloxamer 407 173.2 ± 7.28 nm; PDI 0.09 ± 0.03; −36 ± 3.34 mV ζ-potential	acute model, C57BL/6 mice, Y strain starting 48 h post-infection for 7 days	[80]

^aH2bdtc: 5-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazoline-1-(S-benzyl dithiocarbazate).