Table 9.

Main complications of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

Complication type	Complication rate, %
Periprocedural death	0.05–0.1
Atrioesophageal fistula	0.02–0.1
Periprocedural thromboembolic event	0.15–0.5
Cardiac tamponade	0.4–1.3
Severe pulmonary vein stenosis	0–0.5
Permanent phrenic nerve palsy	0.08–0.1
Vascular complications	1–4a
Asymptomatic acute cerebral lesions	5–30

^aWithout ultrasound-guided vascular puncture.