Table 2.
Biomimetic protein corona-based organ-targeting strategies.
| Target organs | Biomimetic Approach | Type of nanoparticles | Proteins | Mechanisms | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain | |||||
| Biomolecule modification | LipNPs | Apo A1, E, J | Lipoprotein-medicated endocytosis | [82] | |
| Biomolecule modification | LipNPs | Apo E | Lipoprotein-medicated endocytosis | [83] | |
| Biomolecule modification | PTX/Aβ-CN-PMs | Apo E | Lipoprotein-medicated endocytosis | [26] | |
| Lung | |||||
| Endogenous protein coating | LNPs | Albumin, fibrinogen | Caveolae-medicated endocytosis | [31] | |
| Endogenous protein coating | LNPs | ApoE, β2-GPI, or Vtn | Caveolae-medicated endocytosis | [84] | |
| Liver | |||||
| Biomolecule modification | RcP-NPs | RBP4 | RBP receptor-medicated uptake | [89] | |
| Biomolecule modification | DNA tetrahedron | Lipoproteins | Lipoprotein-medicated endocytosis | [85] | |
| Spleen | |||||
| Endogenous protein coating | LNP | Apo H | Opsonization/spleen-targeted delivery via phagocytosis | [84,86] | |
| Endogenous protein coating | LNP | Apo E, Fg, C3 | Opsonization/spleen-targeted delivery via phagocytosis | [33,87] | |
| Cell membrane decoration | DEX-NPs | C3b | Opsonization/spleen-targeted delivery via phagocytosis | [88] |
Note: Apo, apolipoprotein; Tf, Transferrin; LNPs, lipid nanoparticles; LipNPs, Liposomal nanoparticles; AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; RcP, Retinol-conjugated polyetherimine; RBP, Retinol binding protein; Fg, fibrinogen; C3, complement 3; DEX-NPs, dextran-coated ferrous nanoparticles.