Table 2.

Effect modification of dementia hazard in MS relative to controls by specified categorical covariates

	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value (chi-square)
Depression		0.76
Present	1.51 (1.18–1.93)
Absent	1.58 (1.38–1.81)
Geography		0.04
North	1.86 (1.51–2.30)
Central	1.61 (1.42–1.82)
South	1.39 (1.18–1.64)
Sex		0.61
Female	1.77 (1.08–2.92)
Male	1.55 (1.37–1.75)
Race/ethnicity		0.35
White, non-Hispanic	1.59 (1.41–1.81)
Asian, Black, Hispanic, other, or unclassified	1.35 (0.96–1.89)
Tobacco use		0.36
Present	1.34 (0.94–1.90)
Absent	1.59 (1.41–1.81)
Substance use disorder		0.04
Present	0.88 (0.50–1.54)
Absent	1.61 (1.42–1.82)