Table 1.
Major milestones in ferroptosis research in last two deacdes.
| Year | Milestones | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecules | Roles | ||
| 2003 | Erastin | Mutant RAS selective compound | [22] |
| 2007 | Vitamin-E | Antioxidant | [22] |
| VDAC2/3 | Mitochondrial porins | [22] | |
| Mutated RAS | Oncogene | [22] | |
| 2008 | TFRC | Iron transporter | [22] |
| RSL3 RSL5 |
Mutant RAS selective compounds | [22] | |
| DFO | Iron chelator | [22] | |
| 2010 | ML162 ML210 |
Mutant RAS selective compounds | [23–25] |
| 2012 | SLC7A11 | Cystine/glutamate transporter. Coined the term ferroptosis |
[22] |
| Ferrostatin-1 | Ferroptosis inhibitor | [22] | |
| Sulfasalazine | SLC7A11 inhibitor | [22] | |
| 2014 | GPX4 | Phospholipidhydroperoxidase | [22] |
| Sorafenib | SLC7A11 inhibitor | [22] | |
| Liporoxststin-1 | Ferroptosis inhibitor | [26] | |
| Zileuton | ALOX inhibitor | [27] | |
| 2015 | SLC38A1 | Glutamine transporter | [28–30] |
| HSPB1 | Heat shock protein | [31] | |
| TP53 (mutated tumor suppressor gene) | Transcription factor | [32] | |
| Artesunate | Antimalarial agent | [33] | |
| IKE | SLC7A11 inhibitor | [22] | |
| 2016 | ACSL4 | Lipid biosynthesis | [34] |
| FIN56 | GPX4 and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) inhibitor | [22] | |
| NEF2L2 | Transcription factor | [35] | |
| NCOA4 | Ferritinophagy | [28–30] | |
| ALOXs | Lipoxygenases | [22] | |
| FINO2 | Inactivation of GPX4 & oxidation of Fe | [36] | |
| Statins | HMG-CoA reductase | [22] | |
| 2017 | BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID) | BCL2 family | [37] |
| ZEB1 | EMT-activator | [38] | |
| ITGA6-ITGB4 | Cell adhesion | [39] | |
| Hemoglobin Hemin | Iron-containing protein | [40] | |
| Rosiglitazone | ACSL4 inhibitor | [41] | |
| 2018 | BAP1 | Epigenetic regulation | [42] |
| NECTIN4 | Cell clustering | [43] | |
| CTSB | Lysosomal cell death | [31] | |
| Withaferin A | Increase iron | [44] | |
| LOX-Block-1 | ALOX inhibitor | [45] | |
| 2019 | YAP1 NF2 WWTR1 |
Cell contact | [46] |
| Apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2 (AIFM2) | CoQ10 production | [47] | |
| Cyst(e)inase | Cysteine depletion | [48] | |
| Ferroptocide | Thioredoxin inhibitor | [49] | |
| iFSP | AIFM2 inhibitor | [50] | |
| 2020 | PEX10 PEX3 |
Peroxisome | [51] |
| GCH1 | BH4 production | [52] | |
| CHMP5 CHMP6 |
ESCRT-III membrane repair | [31] | |
| POR (p450 reductase) | Phospholipid peroxidation | [53] | |
| Zalcitabine | Antiretroviral agent | [31] | |
| Quercetin | Antioxidant agent | [54] | |
| 2023 | Piezo1 & TRP channels | Cooperatively promote ferroptosis by facilitating cation flux | [55] |