Fig. 1.

Computational model of sound-induced liquid surface displacement and prepatterned microcapillary networks in round and square geometries. The numerical simulation of the fluid interface deformation, driven by Faraday waves in (a, i) round and (b, i) square patterning chambers, predicted the final patterned cell configurations. Three days after sound patterning, the condensed cells maintained the prepatterned organization in (a, ii) concentric circles or (b, ii) honeycomb-like shapes. In contrast, under stationary conditions (c, i), a distinct morphological organization could not be achieved (scale bars = 5 mm). GFP-HUVEC and hPC-PL (a&b, iii) self-assembled into hierarchical capillary-like structures following the condensed cell gradient, whereas (c, ii) homogeneously distributed capillary-like structures were obtained in stationary conditions (scale bars = 200 µm). Image analysis of the intensity profile (arrow lines) of the numerical simulation (d) demonstrated the comparable location of the predicted nodal positions and the actual condensed cells distributed within the (i) round and (ii) square geometries.