Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Parameter | All patients (n = 22) |
With sepsis (n = 11) |
Non-septic (n = 11) |
p-value sepsis vs non-septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 58 [49, 71] | 56 [30, 73] | 59 [51, 80] | 0.3 |
| Sex (n) | ||||
| Female | 8 | 5 | 6 | |
| Male | 14 | 6 | 5 | |
| Weight (kg) | 90 [75, 99] | 90 [60, 105] | 90 [75, 95] | 0.47 |
| Height (cm) | 179 [169, 180] | 173 [166,180] | 180 [178, 185] | 0.29 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28 [25, 31] | 30 [22, 31] | 27 [26, 29] | 0.68 |
| SOFA score | 10 [9, 12] | 11 [10, 13] | 9 [8, 10] | 0.01 |
| APACHE II score | 22 [19, 26] | 26 [18, 33] | 21 [19, 24] | 0.15 |
| 28-day mortality (n) | 3 (14%) | 1 (9%) | 2 (18%) | 0.56 |
| Duration of propofol sedation before isoflurane (h) | 51 [20, 87] | 51 [46, 72] | 48 [20, 88] | 0.53 |
| Duration of isoflurane sedation (h) | 151 [71, 238] | 164 [128, 243] | 85 [50, 234] | 0.17 |
| Time interval T0–T3 (h) | 263 [167, 459] | 336 [179, 515] | 242 [163, 379] | 0.17 |
| Time interval T0–T1 (h) | 42 [24, 69] | 56 [26, 97] | 30 [24, 46] | 0.116 |
| Time interval T1–T2 (h) | 43 [24, 96] | 74 [25, 127] | 25 [24, 70] | 0.156 |
| Time interval T2–T3 (h) | 158 [104, 292] | 147 [105, 359] | 189 [95, 243] | 0.758 |
| Patients on drugs with CYP1A2 | n/a | |||
| Inhibition (n) | 7 | 3 | 4 | |
| Induction (without PPI’s)(n) | 10 | 6 | 4 | |
| Admission diagnosis | n/a | |||
| Trauma | 4 | 1 | 3 | |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 7 | 5 | 3 | |
| Pulmonary disease | 7 | 5 | 1 | |
| Neurologic disorder | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
| Comorbidities (n) | n/a | |||
| Cardiovascular | 12 | 7 | 5 | |
| Pulmonary | 6 | 5 | 1 | |
| Diabetes | 6 | 3 | 3 | |
| Neurological | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
| BMI ≥ 35 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Parameters are reported as median [IQR]. Medication given at any time point: CYP1A2 inhibitors: fluoroquinolones. CYP1A2 inductors: insulin. All patients had received PPI’s (proton pump inhibitors). SOFA and APACHE II score were evaluated at T0. BMI: body mass index, SOFA: Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment, APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, CYP1A2: cytochrome P450 1A2