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. 2024 Apr 8;14:8176. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58375-2

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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CUR can improve quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy due to KOA. (A) Representative H&E staining images of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Scale bar = 50 µm. (B) Myofiber CSA determined from cross-sections of the quadriceps femoris muscle. (C) Changes in MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1 expression were assessed by Western blotting. Equal protein loading was normalized by GAPDH. Original blots/gels were presented in Supplementary Figs. S1–S3. Control represents the blank control rats. Sham represents sham-operated group rats. KOA represents the knee osteoarthritis model group rats. KOA + CUR represents the treated group rats with feeding CUR. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001. All data are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 3 for each group.