Table 2.

Differences in immune subpopulations between patients and controls (Staining A & B). All immune subpopulations except for CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cell%, are presented as median and interquartile range. CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cell% is presented as mean and standard deviation. Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index; NK natural killer; T_h1 T helper-1; T_h2 T helper-2; T_h17 T helper-17; T_REGS T regulatory cells.

	Healthy Controls	Bipolar Disorder	p-value	p-value after age, sex, BMI adjustment
CD3+ T cell%a	59.6 (54.4, 65.1)	56.7 (49.4, 62.2)	0.03c	0.4
CD3+CD8+ T cytotoxic cell%a	17.0 (13.3, 20.8)	16.5 (12.0, 20.4)	0.3c	1
CD19+ B cell%a	7.3 (5.8, 8.9)	7.0 (5.5, 9.3)	0.98c	0.4
CD56+ NK cell%a	8.3 (6.1, 11.6)	8.6 (6.8, 11.2)	0.5c	0.5
CD3+CD4+ T cell%b	50.1 (±8.1)	48.0 (±9.1)	0.1d	0.07
0.5
Th1 cell%b	4.6 (3.0, 6.3)	5.2 (3.6, 7.1)	0.09c	0.03
Th2 cell%b	0.44 (0.35, 0.62)	0.42 (0.35, 0.64)	0.7c	0.8
Th17 cell%b	0.27 (0.19, 0.36)	0.33 (0.22,0.45)	0.02c	0.04
TREGS cell%b	1.9 (1.5, 2.4)	2.4 (1.9, 3.1)	<0.001c	0.003

^aPercentage of cell subpopulation over the total peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

^bPercentage of cell subpopulation over the total lymphocyte population.

^cWilcoxon rank sum test.

^dT-test.