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. 2024 Mar 27;15:1384227. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1384227

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

PA significantly enhances the antioxidant capacity and extends the lifespan of C. elegans in an skn-1 expression-dependent manner. (A) Lifespan analysis was conducted on wild-type N2 worms exposed to paraquat for 6 days with or without PA treatment (mean ± SD, n ≥ 30; t-test). (B,C) Quantitative analysis of representative images of ROS levels in N2 nematodes treated with or without 200 μM PA (±SD, n ≥ 30; ***p < 0.001; t-test). (D) Representative images of LD1 nucleation upon treatment with 200 μM PA. (E) Lifespan analysis was carried out on skn-1 mutant worms treated with or without PA. (F,G) Quantitative assessment of the fluorescence intensity of CF1553 (SOD-3p::GFP) and CL2166 (GST-4::GFP) with or without 200 μM PA on day 7 (mean ± SD, n ≥ 30; **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001; t-test). (H) Relative expression levels of downstream genes regulated by skn-1 after treatment with or without PA (mean ± SD, n ≥ 3; ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant; t-test).