Table 2.
literature review highlighting various diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in case reported in the lasted decade.
| Study | Year | Age | Parity | Contraceptive | Breast cancer history | History of tuberculosis | Breast trauma | History breastfeeding | Symtom | Unilateral Bilateral |
Time from symptoms to management | Initial physical examination | Homolateral axillary adenopathy | Erythema nodosum | Imaging findings | Localization | Biological investigations | Biopsy | Histology | Management | Total response | Time without recurrence (month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacon at Al [16] | 2021 | 23 | G1P1 | +: oral contraceptive pills 3 years | − | − | − | a | RB mass | 2 | 2 months | RB:1.5 cm mass LB: Pain erythema and fluctuance |
− | − | BI- RADS de catégorie 4A | RB at 8:00 | RB: - LB: Corynebacterium kroppenst- edti |
+ | RB: granulation tissue, with at least 1 non–caseating granuloma LB: IGM |
RB: oral steroids LB: Abscess was aspirated ATB Oral steroid |
+ | 16 |
| Oze [17] | 2022 | 42 | G5P5 | +: Contraceptive device 5 years ago | − | − | − | a | RB swelling | 1 | 3 months | Swelling RB local inflammatory signs, nipple retraction | +: 2,5 cm Mobile |
− | BI- RADS de catégorie 4 | Supero-external quadrant of the RB | + infectious biology check-up: normal | + | IGM: Fibrous polymorphic inflammatory infiltrate and decentered epitheliogigantocellular granulomas of caseous necrosis | ATB and wound dressings | + | 12 |
| Mabuchi [18] | 2022 | 30 | G3P1(pregnante 31 weeks of gestation) | − | − | − | − | a | RB swelling and pain | 1 | 1 week | Nodular mas Nipple discharge |
+ | + | Multiple low echoic lesions in the RB | Outer quadrants RB | +: White blood cells 18,150/μL CRp: 4.68 mg/dL | + | Non-caseating granuloma with epithelioid cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes | ATB and draining abscess | + | a |
| Kornfeld [19] | 2001 | 28 | G3P1(pregnancy and breast feeding periode) | a | − | − | − | + | LB pain and swelling | 1 | a | lmass-like area. ery- thema |
a | + | Illdefined hypoechoic mass-like area | LB 10:00 position 4 cm from the nipple |
+: Tuberculosis autoimmune disease,serology: negative | + | GM | Oral steroids Injection triamcinolone mixed with lidocaine into the affected areas |
− | a |
| Gupta et Al [20] | 2020 | 35 | G1P1 | a | − | − | − | + | Lump in RB | 2 | 2 months | RB: Erythem. Lump4 × 4 cm LB: Swelling and Erythem |
− | − | RB: ill-defined heterogeneous echoes in the subareolar region LB: Abscess |
Upper outer quadrant of the RB | +: Cultures: negative PCR test for TB: negative |
−: breast mass excised under local anesthesia | Non-caseating granulomas and the absence of acid-fast bacilli | LB: Draining the abscess Oral steroids |
+ | 8 |
| Yoshino et Al [21] | 2023 | 37 | G4P2 | Infertility treatment | − | − | − | a | Sensation of hardness in LB | 1 | 1 week | LB: Erythema Induration | a | + | Pyogenic mastitis | a | white blood cell 14,360/μL CRP 14.75 mg/dL Culture: C. kroppenstedtii |
+ | Granulomatous mastitis | During pregnancy: ATB Draining the abscess After delivery: oral steroids |
+ | 18 |
| Almobarak et Al [22] | 2021 | 34 | G2P2 | − | − | − | − | + | Painful lump LB | 1 | 1 Month | LB: Mass, Inflammations sings Nipple retraction | + | − | Irregular hypoechoic soft-tissue mass, widely speculated | Outer upper quadrant LB | Grocott's Methenamine Silver and Ziehl–Neelse: negative. PCR test for TB: negative |
−: FNAC | IGM | a | + | 15 |
| Mathew et Al [23] | 2015 | 29 | G2P2 | + contraceptive pills 2 years | − | − | − | a | Tender mass RB | 1 | 1 week 1/2 | Masse grapefruit bruising and erythema | − | − | RB: bulginghard mass | RB: mass centred at 3 o'clock | Antinuclear antibody HLA—B27: positive | +: ultrasound-guided biopsy | IGM | ATB Draining abscess Oral steroids |
+ | 4 |
| Curent case | 2023 | 36 | G2P2 | + contraceptive pills 3 years | − | − | − | + | Breast pain swelling | 1 | 3 days | Mass measuring 5 cm erythema |
− | − | BIRADS 4 A | RB lower internal quadrant | All investigations was normal | ultrasound-guided biopsy | IGM | ATB Draining abscess Oral steroids |
+ | 18 |
RB: Right Breast.
LB: Left Breast.
IGM: Idiopathique Granulomatous mastitis.
ATB: antibiotherapy.
+: yes.
−: No.
1: Unilateral.
2: Bilateral.
FNAC: fine-needle aspiration cytology.
a
No data.