. 2024 Mar 19;103(6):103667. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103667

Table 4.

Effects of pistachio green hull aqueous extract and Eimeria challenge on the performance of broilers during the finisher (25–42 d) and whole phases (1–42 d).

Main effects	Finisher				Whole phase
PHE levels (ppm)	ABW (g/bird)	DWG (g/bird/d)	DFI (g/bird/d)	FCR (g:g)	DWG (g/bird/d)	DFI (g/bird/d)	FCR (g:g)
0	2,357.65^b	80.28^b	133.44	1.67	55.22^b	87.45	1.59^a
200	2,387.29^ab	81.85^ab	135.28	1.66	55.93^ab	88.26	1.58^ab
300	2,417.73^a	82.99^a	134.88	1.63	56.65^a	88.11	1.56^bc
400	2,417.67^a	83.68^a	134.72	1.63	56.63^a	87.69	1.55^c
SEM	12.803	0.579	0.648	0.012	0.305	0.374	0.007
Eimeria challenge
(-)	2,439.14^a	84.24^a	136.68^a	1.63^b	57.16^a	88.97a	1.56^b
(+)	2,351.03^b	80.16^b	132.48^b	1.67^a	55.06^b	86.77b	1.58^a
SEM	9.053	0.410	0.458	0.009	0.215	0.267	0.005
Interaction effects
0 × (-)	2,448.88^a	84.89^a	136.26	1.61^b	57.39^a	88.82	1.55^b
200 × (-)	2,419.14^ab	83.26^ab	137.25	1.64^b	56.68^ab	89.33	1.57^b
300 × (-)	2,449.48^a	84.20^a	136.34	1.63^b	57.41^a	88.96	1.55^b
400 × (-)	2,439.03^a	84.63^a	136.88	1.62^b	57.14^a	88.78	1.55^b
0 × (+)	2,266.41^c	75.68^c	130.61	1.73^a	53.04^c	86.07	1.62^a
200 × (+)	2,355.43^b	80.45^b	133.32	1.67^ab	55.17^b	87.20	1.58^ab
300 × (+)	2,385.97^ab	81.80^ab	133.42	1.63^b	55.89^ab	87.25	1.56^b
400 × (+)	2,396.31^ab	82.73^ab	132.57	1.63^b	56.12^ab	86.60	1.54^b
SEM	18.106	0.819	0.917	0.017	0.431	0.534	0.010
P value
PHE levels	0.005	0.001	0.223	0.050	0.005	0.408	0.002
Eimeria challenge	<.0001	<.0001	<.0001	0.005	<.0001	<.0001	0.009
PHE levels × Eimeria challenge	0.002	0.0001	0.525	0.006	0.002	0.807	0.0009
Linear (PHE levels at (-))	0.992	0.961	0.731	0.854	0.995	0.841	0.880
Quadratic (PHE levels at (-))	0.587	0.224	0.715	0.256	0.603	0.536	0.311
Linear (PHE levels at (+))	<.0001	<.0001	0.255	0.0002	<.0001	0.493	<.0001
Quadratic (PHE levels at (+))	0.051	0.029	0.135	0.066	0.052	0.104	0.164

Abbreviations: PHE, pistachio green hull aqueous extract; AWB, average body weight; DWG, daily weight gain; DFI, daily feed intake; FCR, feed conversion ratio; (-), unchallenged groups; (+), challenged groups; SEM, Standard error of the mean.

^a,c

Means within a column without a common superscript significantly differ (P < 0.05).