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. 2023 Nov 16;133(2):217–224. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcad182

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Cold hardiness changes in response to different temperature treatments for different ornamental and forest species. Changes in cold hardiness were analysed using linear models in response to time. (A) Combined effect of temperature treatments on bud cold hardiness of Acer platanoides, A. rubrum, A. saccharum, Cornus mas, Forsythia ‘Meadowlark’, Larix kaempferi, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Picea abies and Prunus armeniaca. Temperature treatments were constant (–3, 4, 7 and 11 °C) and fluctuating (–8, –3, 2 and –3 °C for 6-h intervals each: ‘−3 ± 5 °C’). (B) Cuttings of 11 species were exposed to decreasing temperatures in –2 °C steps every 10 d from 0 to –6 °C. Linear responses are shown for all species, along with data points for two species: Cercis canadensis (CC) and Abies balsamea (AB). Other species include: FG – Fagus grandifolia; CF – Cornus florida; CM – Cornus mas; PR – Prunus armeniaca; MG – Metasequoia glyptostroboides; AR – Acer rubrum; LK – Larix kaempferi; AS – Acer saccharum. Asterisks indicate the level of significance of slopes in A and B: NSnot significant; *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.