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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 10.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Mol Med. 2009 Aug;9(6):740–750. doi: 10.2174/156652409788970652

Fig. (2).

Fig. (2).

Chronic TNBS-Colitis induced in BALB/c mice. The chronic colitis is marked by three phases dominated by a Th1 response, a Th17 response and finally, a mixed Th17/IL-13 response. Each of these phases are characterized by a unique set of cytokines. Fibrosis occurs during phase three under the influence of IL-13 and TGF-β1.