Table 2.

Alternative Diagnoses in 196 Patients Without Infective Endocarditis

Diagnosis	Patients, No (%)
CIED pocket or device infection, without IE	4 (2)
Fever after cardiac surgery	7 (4)
Fever of unknown origin	7 (4)
Gram-negative sepsis with alternative focus	6 (3)
Gram-negative sepsis without alternative focus	2 (1)
Gram-positive sepsis with alternative focus	71 (36)
Gram-positive sepsis without alternative focus	44 (22)
Marantic endocarditis	2 (1)
Multiple strokes of suspected cardiac origin	6 (3)
Native valve abnormalities (new regurgitation, new valvular mass, or degenerative valve disease)	20 (10)
Other	15 (11)
Prosthetic valve dehiscence	12 (6)

Abbreviations: CIED, cardiac implantable electronic device; IE, infective endocarditis.