Fig. 2.

Effect of E. bonariensis on OVX/D-Gal-induced spatial memory deterioration in MWM test. A Time spent in the target quadrant, B TIME spent in the opposite quadrant, C latency to platform zone first entry, and D Number of platform zone entries. Rats underwent either SO or OVX, and after 5 days, they received D-Gal (150 mg/kg/day, i.p) for 42 days. OVX/D-Gal-subjected rats were orally treated with donepezil (5 mg/kg/day) or the alcoholic extract of E. bonariensis at three different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) for 42 days, given 1 h prior to D-Gal. Four days before the end of the experiment, all animals were subjected to MWM test where the training phase was conducted on days 39–41 and the probe trial was performed on day 42. Data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 13), using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (P < 0.05). OVX: ovariectomy, D-Gal D-galactose, MWM Morris water maze, SO sham operation