Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of study population across eligibility for GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2i
| Overall | ASCVD | Heart Failure | Diabetic Nephropathy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 587,657 | 209,983 | 68,506 | 159,436 |
| Age (year) | 72.89 (9.2) | 74.93 (7.9) | 74.79 (8.5) | 75.13 (8.1) |
| Female Sex | 310,842(52.9) | 96,869 (46.1) | 35,469 (51.8) | 81,870 (51.3) |
| Health Insurance | ||||
| Commercial | 64,740(11) | 13,518 (6.4) | 3,456 (5.0) | 9,643 (6.0) |
| Medicare Advantage | 522,917(89) | 196,465(93.6) | 65,050(95.0) | 149,793(94.0) |
| Neighborhood Income ($) | 53,317 [46,338–62,553] | 52,782 [46,315–62,000] | 52,389 [45,551–61,695] | 53,063 [46,338–62,036] |
| Medications | ||||
| Metformin | 356,215(60.6) | 114,838 (54.7) | 30,749 (44.9) | 72,530 (45.5) |
| Sulfonylureas | 167,669(28.5) | 59,835 (28.5) | 19,085 (27.9) | 50,809 (31.9) |
| Thiazolidinediones | 36,069(6.1) | 11,220 (5.3) | 2,781 (4.1) | 10,928 (6.9) |
| DPP-4 Inhibitors | 76,923(13.1) | 28,189 (13.4) | 8,976 (13.1) | 24,506 (15.4) |
| Meglitinides | 5,441(0.9) | 2,340 (1.1) | 738 (1.1) | 2,158 (1.4) |
| Insulin Long-acting | 115,333(19.6) | 49,925 (23.8) | 20,619 (30.1) | 44,944 (28.2) |
| Insulin Short-acting | 70,871(12.1) | 33,328 (15.9) | 14,976 (21.9) | 30,526 (19.1) |
| Statin | 435,118(74.0) | 169,353 (80.7) | 53,567 (78.2) | 124,619 (78.2) |
| ACEI | 247,882(42.2) | 88,085 (41.9) | 27,585 (40.3) | 66,292 (41.6) |
| ARB | 191,602(32.6) | 73,101 (34.8) | 25,548 (37.3) | 58,944 (37.0) |
| Beta Blocker | 251,746(42.8) | 129,870 (61.8) | 51,161 (74.7) | 87,119 (54.6) |
| Oral Anticoagulant | 58,703(10.0) | 33,663 (16.0) | 19,959 (29.1) | 21,999 (13.8) |
| DCSI Score | 1.88 (1.83) | 3.34 (1.77) | 4.13 (1.78) | 3.30 (1.91) |
| Cardiovascular Disease | 229,516(39.1) | 181,179 (86.3) | 66,469 (97.0) | 82,556 (51.8) |
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 58,244(9.9) | 55,380 (26.4) | 13,262 (19.4) | 21,308 (13.4) |
| Metabolic Disease | 18,031(3.1) | 9,039 (4.3) | 4,307 (6.3) | 7,661 (4.8) |
| Neuropathy | 169,555(28.9) | 78,429 (37.4) | 28,340 (41.4) | 58,205 (36.5) |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 105,680(18.0) | 74,753 (35.6) | 22,744 (33.2) | 40,126 (25.2) |
| Retinopathy | 100,014(17.0) | 42,574 (20.3) | 15,280 (22.3) | 36,180 (22.7) |
| Nephropathy | 159,436(27.1) | 74,585(35.5) | 34,234(50.0) | 159,436(100) |
Data represent mean (SD) for age, median (IQR) for neighborhood income, and number (percent) for other variables. Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor II blocker; DCSI, diabetes complications and severity index.