Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects (before and after propensity score matching).
| Before matching | After matchinga | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tonsillectomy cohort (n = 14,875) |
Control cohort (n = 84,612) |
Standardized difference | Tonsillectomy cohort (n = 14,874) |
Control cohort (n = 14,874) |
Standardized difference | |
| Age at index | ||||||
| Mean ± SD | 24.0±10.8 | 22.1±14.5 | 0.15 | 24.0±10.8 | 24.6±12.2 | 0.05 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 4792(32.2) | 36597(43.3) | 0.23 | 4792(32.2) | 4779(32.1) | 0.00 |
| Female | 10011(67.3) | 47858(56.6) | 0.22 | 10010(67.3) | 10025(67.4) | 0.00 |
| Race, n (%) | ||||||
| White | 9317(62.6) | 51231(60.5) | 0.04 | 9317(62.6) | 9350(62.9) | 0.00 |
| Black or African American | 1801(12.1) | 11438(13.5) | 0.04 | 1801(12.1) | 1771(11.9) | 0.01 |
| Asian | 335(2.3) | 2314(2.7) | 0.03 | 335(2.3) | 331(2.2) | 0.00 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 55(0.4) | 360(0.4) | 0.01 | 55(0.4) | 50(0.3) | 0.01 |
| Lifestyle | ||||||
| Alcohol dependence, smoking and substance use | 461(3.1) | 2263(2.7) | 0.03 | 461(3.1) | 413(2.8) | 0.02 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension | 481(3.2) | 2463(2.9) | 0.02 | 481(3.2) | 391(2.6) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 214(1.4) | 1153(1.4) | 0.01 | 214(1.4) | 150(1.0) | 0.04 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 256(1.7) | 1366(1.6) | 0.01 | 256(1.7) | 188(1.3) | 0.04 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Antidepressants | 950(6.4) | 2501(3.0) | 0.16 | 949(6.4) | 877(5.9) | 0.02 |
| Corticosteroids | 2111(14.2) | 6941(8.2) | 0.19 | 2110(14.2) | 2002(13.5) | 0.02 |
| Medical Utilization Status | ||||||
| Ambulatory visit | 8499(57.1) | 38145(45.1) | 0.24 | 8498(57.1) | 8451(56.8) | 0.01 |
| Inpatient visit | 2140(14.4) | 10778(12.7) | 0.05 | 2139(14.4) | 2061(13.9) | 0.02 |
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| BMI, n (%) | ||||||
| ≥ 35 (kg/m2) | 552(3.7) | 1153(1.4) | 0.15 | 551(3.7) | 455(3.1) | 0.04 |
| C reactive protein, n (%) | ||||||
| ≥ 3 (mg/L) | 352(2.4) | 1245(1.5) | 0.07 | 352(2.4) | 315(2.1) | 0.02 |
a Bold font represents a standardized difference was more than 0.1; propensity score matching was performed on age at index, sex, race, body mass index, status of comorbidities (including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia), status of comedication use (antidepressants, corticosteroids), status of smoking, alcoholism and substance use, medical utilization status(inpatient, ambulatory), lab data (CRP)