Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| HC (n = 27) | Low RNT (n = 49) | High RNT (n = 48) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 31.7 ± 10.0 | 34.8 ± 11.3 | 34.3 ± 12.5 | 0.52 |
| Female, n (%) | 16 (59.3) | 36 (73.5) | 35 (72.9) | 0.38 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.32 | |||
| Asian | 1 (3.7) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Black | 0 (0) | 4 (8.2) | 6 (12.5) | |
| Hispanic | 1 (3.7) | 2 (4.1) | 0 (5.5) | |
| Native American | 2 (7.4) | 7 (14.3) | 10 (20.8) | |
| White | 23 (85.2) | 34 (69.4) | 30 (62.5) | |
| Other | 0 (0) | 1 (1.0) | 2 (4.2) | |
| Education, n (%) | 0.58 | |||
| No High School | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0) | 4 (8.3) | |
| High School | 4 (14.8) | 8 (16.3) | 7 (14.6) | |
| Some College | 10 (37.0) | 21 (42.9) | 20 (41.7) | |
| College or Higher | 13 (48.1) | 19 (38.8) | 17 (35.4) | |
| BMI | 27.67 (6.37) | 28.28 (5.53) | 28.30 (5.52) | 0.88 |
| Employed, n (%) | 20 (76.9) | 28 (62.2) | 30 (63.8) | 0.41 |
| Income ($) | $47,020 (38,385) | $51,681 (46,291) | $39,577 (35,235) | 0.42 |
| Psychotropic Medication, n (%) | 4 (14.8) | 30 (61.2) HC | 30 (62.5) HC | <0.001 |
| OASIS | 1.15 (1.61) | 9.63 (3.10) HC | 10.35 (3.47) HC | <0.001 |
| PHQ-9 | 0.89 (1.48) | 13.69 (3.58) HC | 14.27 (4.38) HC | <0.001 |
| RRS | 29.15 (6.76) | 47.8 (5.94)HC, H–RNT | 64.6 (6.10)HC, L–RNT | <0.001 |
| WHODAS | 13.48 (3.07) | 23.47 (7.0)HC | 26.12 (8.21)HC | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: HC, Healthy Control; H-RNT, High repetitive negative thinking; L-RNT, Low repetitive negative thinking; MDD, major depressive disorder; OASIS, Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire; RRS, Ruminative Response Scale; WHODAS, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule.