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. 2024 Mar 8;13(6):e032256. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.032256

Figure 4. Serum metabolite levels are correlated with clinical severity in the UK pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) cohort.

Figure 4

A, Forest plot to demonstrate linear and logistic regression of biomarkers of PAH severity against plasma concentration of metabolites. Plots indicate mean and 95% CIs. Effect size refers to regression coefficient. All tests were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, geographic location and population ancestry. **P<0.01, *P<0.05. B, Higher serum homostachydrine is associated with a significant reduction in survival (censored at 5 years) in the UK PAH cohort (Cox regression, cor=6.76e‐02, P=0.03) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, geographic site, and ethnicity. A Kaplan–Meier curve is shown where patients with PAH are divided into subgroups based on the following percentiles of their serum concentration of homostachydrine: P1: <50%, P2: >50%. mPAP indicates mean pulmonary arterial pressure; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; PAWP, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; REVEL, Rare Exome Variant Ensemble Learner; SvO2, venous oxygen saturation; and WHO‐FC, World Health Organization functional class.