Table 2.

Associations Between the Plasma AD Markers and MRI Markers of Vascular Pathology and Neurodegeneration

Plasma levels (per SD increase)	WMH volume, B (95% CI), adjusted P value	TBV, B (95% CI), adjusted P value	HV, B (95% CI), adjusted P value
Model 1
Aβ42/40	−0.03 (−0.13 to 0.06), P=0.827	−1.39 (−4.00 to 1.23), P=0.827	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.07), P=0.827
p‐tau181	0.16 (0.06 to 0.26), P=0.015*	−2.21 (−5.05 to 0.63), P=0.750	−0.02 (−0.07 to 0.05), P=0.827
NfL	0.17 (0.06 to 0.29), P=0.052	−5.63 (−8.95 to −2.31), P=0.015*	−0.05 (−0.12 to 0.02), P=0.781
GFAP	0.07 (−0.04 to 0.18), P=0.827	−1.14 (−4.31 to 2.04), P=0.827	−0.04 (−0.11 to 0.03), P=0.827
Model 2
Aβ42/40	−0.04 (−0.13 to 0.05), P=0.785	−1.26 (−3.81 to 1.29), P=0.785	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.07), P=0.785
p‐tau181	0.15 (0.06 to 0.25), P=0.028*	−1.76 (−4.54 to 1.01), P=0.785	−0.01 (−0.07 to 0.05), P=0.785
NfL	0.17 (0.05 to 0.29), P=0.052	−5.50 (−8.75 to −2.24), P=0.016*	−0.05 (−0.12 to 0.02), P=0.785
GFAP	0.09 (−0.03 to 0.20), P=0.738	−2.07 (−5.23 to 1.09), P=0.785	−0.05 (−0.12 to 0.02), P=0.738

Model 1 is adjusted for age, sex, education, and intracranial volume. Model 2 adds diabetes, hypertension, smoking status, and alcohol use. WMH volume is log‐transformed. P values are adjusted using the Hommel method. Aβ indicates amyloid‐beta; AD, Alzheimer's disease; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; HV, hippocampal volume; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NfL, neurofilament light; p‐tau, phosphorylated tau; TBV, total brain volume; and WMH, white matter hyperintensity.

^* P values shown are corrected using the Hommel method, with P<0.05 denoting significance.