Table 5. Factors associated with PHQ-9 diagnosis (2-category scale) (n=1036).
PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire
A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
| Parameter | Absent | Present | p-value | |
| Age, y | 18 – 20 | 62 (30%) | 145 (70%) | <0.0001 |
| 21 – 30 | 147 (25.8%) | 422 (74.2%) | ||
| 31 - 40 | 66 (44%) | 84 (56%) | ||
| 41 - 70 | 55 (50%) | 55 (50%) | ||
| Sex | Female | 130 (24.5%) | 400 (75.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Male | 200 (39.5%) | 306 (60.5%) | ||
| Nationality | Saudi | 323 (31.8%) | 694 (68.2%) | 0.638 |
| Non-Saudi | 7 (36.8%) | 12 (63.2%) | ||
| Residency | Ahad Bani zaid | 2 (22.2%) | 7 (77.8%) | 0.003 |
| Al-airdiat | 6 (31.6%) | 13 (68.4%) | ||
| Al-Qunfudah city | 89 (25.9%) | 255 (74.1%) | ||
| AlQuz | 53 (26.4%) | 148 (73.6%) | ||
| AlMuzailif | 16 (33.3%) | 32 (66.7%) | ||
| Hali | 124 (40.5%) | 182 (59.5%) | ||
| Khmais Harb | 9 (29%) | 22 (71%) | ||
| Doqa | 31 (39.7%) | 47 (60.3%) | ||
| Marital status | Single | 172 (26.3%) | 483 (73.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Married | 145 (41.5%) | 204 (58.5%) | ||
| Divorced & Widowed | 13 (40.6%) | 19 (59.4%) | ||
| Occupational status | Student | 131 (26.3%) | 368 (73.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Non-occupied | 39 (29.8%) | 92 (70.2%) | ||
| Occupied | 160 (39.4%) | 246 (60.6%) | ||
| Educational level | Primary education | 2 (25%) | 6 (75%) | <0.0001 |
| University | 166 (26.9%) | 450 (73.1%) | ||
| Secondary education | 97 (40.2%) | 144 (59.8%) | ||
| Diploma | 38 (45.2%) | 46 (54.8%) | ||
| PhD | 3 (15.8%) | 16 (84.2%) | ||
| Master degree | 17 (44.7%) | 21 (55.3%) | ||
| Intermediate education | 7 (23.3%) | 23 (76.7%) | ||