Table 3.

Phytochemical composition (methylxanthines and phenolic compounds) of IC powders.

Compounds Studied	Freeze Drying	Spray Drying	p < 0.05
Methylxanthines
Caffeine (mg/g of dried sample)	12.33 ± 2.43	35.47 ± 0.44	*
Theobromine (µg/g of dried sample)	72.20 ± 4.79	31.72 ± 3.49	*
Theophylline (µg/g of dried sample)	117.84 ± 1.25	25.47 ± 2.81	*
Total (mg/g of dried sample)	12.52	35.52	*
Phenolic compounds
Isoflavones
Epicatechin (µg/g of dried sample)	1.32 ± 0.22	3.08 ± 0.33	*
Mangiferin (µg/g of dried sample)	176.55 ± 29.24	662.84 ± 38.83	*
Rutin (µg/g of dried sample)	88.14 ± 19.80	132.20 ± 2.19
Total (mg/g of dried sample)	0.26	0.79	*
Hydroxycinnamic acids
p-coumaroylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	242.45 ± 45.82	162.43 ± 5.48	*
Caffeoylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	890.41 ± 284.47	1191.70 ± 448.53
3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid) (µg/g of dried sample)	2851.58 ± 526.78	2986.58 ± 54.55
4-O-feruloylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	21.81 ± 2.12	16.44 ± 4.76
5-O-feruloylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	350.08 ± 70.27	478.13 ± 14.33	*
3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	69.67 ± 17.93	236.98 ± 62.79
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (µg/g of dried sample)	32.54 ± 4.40	88.84 ± 6.43	*
Total (mg/g of dried sample)	4.45	5.16
Anthocyanins
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (µg/g of dried sample)	1.32 ± 0.23	N.D.
Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (µg/g of dried sample)	5.25 ± 1.40	N.D.
Total (mg/g of dried sample)	0.0065	N.D.
TOTAL (mg/g of dried sample)	17.23	41.47	*

Data are expressed as the means ± standard deviation. N.D., not detected. Asterisks indicate a significant difference for both samples studied (t-Student test, p < 0.05).