Table 1.

Mechanisms of oxidative stress and their relationship with MAFLD.

Free Radical	Source	Relationship with MAFLD	References
ROS	Mitochondria and metabolism	Stimulating conformational changes in the mitochondrial structure; Aggravation of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes; facilitation of lipid droplet remodeling; Induction of inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to liver inflammation and the development of carcinomas; Compromising the integrity of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs).	[55,60,77,80]
RNS	Metabolic processes	Compromising the integrity of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs); Oxidation of fatty acids.	[22,80,81]