Table 1.
Individuals’ characteristics.
| Intervention (n = 45) | Control (n = 65) | x2/t-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Age (SD) | 43.40 (6.94) | 48.97 (14.58) | 2.76 *** |
| Sex | 5.23 * | ||
| Female (%) | 50 | 50 | |
| Male (%) | 29.2 | 70.8 | |
| Education | 8.43 ** | ||
| Higher Education (%) | 46.3 | 53.7 | |
| Lower Education (%) | 72.3 | 27.7 | |
| Income | 30.43 *** | ||
| <9000 Riyals (%) | 22.2 | 77.8 | |
| >9000 Riyals (%) | 72.5 | 27.5 | |
| Mean Medication Numbers (SD) | 2 (1.19) | 3.35 (2.30) | 3.77 ** |
| Mean History of Chronic Diseases in Years (SD) | 9.95 (8.60) | 9.29 (7.21) | 0.40 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Living with One Chronic Disease (%) | 47.2 | 52.8 | 2.37 |
| Living with ≥One Chronic Disease (%) | 29 | 71 | |
| Disease Management Support | 10.03 ** | ||
| Family Support (%) | 21.1 | 78.9 | |
| By the Patient (%) | 53.8 | 46.2 |
Note: Independent t-test or chi-square test analyses were performed to compare characteristics between groups. SD: standard deviation; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.