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. 2024 Mar 28;25(7):3763. doi: 10.3390/ijms25073763

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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CD68 in IgA nephropathy: Section shows prominent mesangial and endocapillary hypercellularity in a glomerulus with proliferative glomerulonephritis in a patient with IgA nephropathy (left top; Periodic acid–Schiff stain, ×200); section in the left bottom pane highlights CD68-positive macrophages from the same glomerulus (indirect immunohistochemistry with CD68 antibody, diaminobenzidine stain); sections in the right top and bottom pane highlights ultrastructural details of macrophage infiltration in the endocapillary and mesangial region of the same glomerulus, respectively (transmission electron microscopy, uranyl acetate stain). In the example given above, IgA nephropathy is cited as an example of immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis where prominent macrophage infiltration is identified in the endocapillary and mesangial region. Increase in endocapillary and mesangial hypercellularity is associated with higher activity of the disease having greater renal dysfunction and is used in Oxford MEST-C classification prognostic scoring system of IgA nephropathy.