Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population. There were no significant differences between CLOSE and non-CLOSE patients. AF = atrial fibrillation; BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; LAD = left atrial diameter; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; PVI = pulmonary vein isolation; rePVI = repeated pulmonary vein isolation; TIA = transient ischemic attack. Continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation, while categorical variables are reported as frequency and percentage.
| All Patients (n = 100) | CLOSE (n = 38) | No CLOSE (n = 62) | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 60 ± 12 | 60 ± 12 | 61 ± 12 | 0.8334 | |
| Sex, female (%) | 36 (36) | 16 (42) | 20 (32) | 0.3919 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.9 ± 5 | 28.5 ± 5 | 29.1 ± 5.2 | 0.5847 | |
| Persistent AF, n (%) | 44 (44) | 17 (45) | 27 (44) | >0.9999 | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 70 (70) | 28 (74) | 42 (68) | 0.6541 | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 18 (18) | 6 (16) | 12 (19) | 0.7908 | |
| CAD, n (%) | 16 (16) | 5 (13) | 11 (18) | 0.5892 | |
| Prior stroke/TIA, n (%) | 8 (8) | 2 (5) | 6 (10) | 0.7066 | |
| LVEF, % | initial PVI rePVI |
55.9 ± 9.3 53.8 ± 7.9 |
57.9 ± 5.8 54.5 ± 5.4 |
54.6 ± 11 53.4 ± 9.1 |
0.1281 0.6833 |
| LAD, mm | initial PVI rePVI |
49.1 ± 6.5 50.5 ± 6.7 |
49.4 ± 7.6 50.7 ± 7 |
48.9 ± 5.9 50.3 ± 6.6 |
0.7935 0.8339 |