Table 1.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) laser device specifications, PBM parameters and treatment protocol.
| Device specifications | Manufacturer | Doctor Smile, Lambda, Italy |
| Model identifier | Wiser 2 | |
| Emitters type | Diode laser | |
| Medical/laser class | IV | |
| Beam delivery system | Fibre | |
| Probe design | Single | |
| Beam profile | Flattop | |
| Beam divergence | 0° | |
| Irradiation parameters | Wavelength (nm) | 980 |
| Therapeutic power output (W) | 0.3 | |
| Emission mode | CW | |
| Beam spot size at target (cm2) | 1 | |
| Irradiance at target (W/cm2) | 0.3 | |
| Energy per spot (J) | 18 | |
| Fluence (J/cm2) per point | 18 | |
| Irradiation time (s) per point | 60 | |
| Treatment protocol | Number of irradiated point per case | 1 |
| Laser–tissue distance (mm) | 2 (non-contact) | |
| Application technique | Static | |
| Total treatment sessions per week | 2 | |
| Frequency of session/week | Twice a week | |
| Time interval | 3 days (72 h) |