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. 2024 Mar 26;29(7):1468. doi: 10.3390/molecules29071468

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of HucMSC-Exos, HCOPs, and HucMSC-Exos + HCOPs on ECM construction-related proteins and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in HSFs. (A–G) Expression levels of collagen I and III, matrix-degrading metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (n = 3). The data shown are expressed as the mean ± SD. Different lowercase letters on bars indicate significant differences among samples (p < 0.05).