TABLE II.

VR-based Surgical Training in Laparoscopic Surgery

Design of Experiments	Methodology	References
VR vs Physical simulator	Descriptive Statistics	Taba et al. (2021)
	Comparison: Experimental vs Control groups	Gurusamy et al. (2009), Papanikolaou et al. (2019)
VR vs real	Descriptive Statistics	Larsen et al. (2009), Munz et al. (2007)
	Machine Learning Comparison: Experimental vs Control groups	Alaker et al. (2016) Grantcharov et al. (2004)
VR vs trad mentoring	Meta-analysis	Gurusamy et al. (2008)
	Meta-analysis & Descriptive Statistics	Portelli et al. (2020)
	Theoretical Studies	Yiannakopoulou et al. (2015), Harta and Karthigasua (2007)
	Descriptive Statistics	Aggarwal et al. (2007)
VR	Descriptive Statistics	Aggarwal et al. (2006)
		Jain et al. (2020)
	Experimental vs Control groups	Phé et al. (2017)
	Machine Learning	Botden et al. (2007)