Figure 3. Glycolysis is increased in granulocytes following S. aureus biofilm exposure.
Primary G-MDSCs and PMNs were either unstimulated or cocultured with S. aureus biofilm for 30 minutes, whereupon cells were stained with (A) 2-NBDG or (B) TMRM to monitor glucose uptake and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, respectively. (A) 2-NBDG data are represented as means ± SEM of 2-NBDG+ granulocytes. G-MDSC, n = 19 for unstimulated (unstim.); n = 21 for biofilm; PMN, n = 24/sample. ****P < 0.0001, 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (B) TMRM data are represented as means ± SEM fold change in granulocytes cocultured with biofilm versus unstimulated cells. G-MDSC, n = 20/sample; PMN, n = 16/sample. **P < 0.01; unpaired, 2-tailed t test.