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. 2024 Mar 15;25(4):1752–1772. doi: 10.1038/s44319-024-00097-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the data associated with this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data, but does not extend to the graphical or creative elements of illustrations, charts, or figures. This waiver removes legal barriers to the re-use and mining of research data. According to standard scholarly practice, it is recommended to provide appropriate citation and attribution whenever technically possible.

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(A) HbA1c levels at end of experiment (n = 5 control mice, n = 10 STZ mice). (B) Representative image for Control (left) and STZ (right) embryo. (C) Embryo weight of embryos derived from Control (n = 18) and STZ (n = 31) mice. (D) Crown-rump length (CRL) of control (n = 18) and STZ (n = 31) embryos at E18.5. (E) Representative images of uteruses at E18.5. Uterus with no reabsorption (top, Control) and with several both early and late reabsorptions (middle and bottom, STZ). (F) Percentage of embryos reabsorbed at E18.5 (n = 5 control and n = 16 STZ). (G) Representative images for placentas at E18.5. (H) Placental weight from control (n = 18) and STZ (n = 22) fetuses at E18.5. (I) Placental efficiency of control (n = 18) and STZ (n = 22) placentas linked to embryos depicted in (B). STZ, Streptozotocin; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; CRL, Crown-rump length. Data information: Data depicted is biological replicates. In panels (A, C, D, F, H, I), data is depicted as mean ± SEM. In panels (A) and (F), data was analyzed using Student’s t-test. In panels (C), (D), (H) and (I) data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to correct for litter size. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Source data are available online for this figure.