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. 2024 Apr 12;14:8553. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58837-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Images and drawings of phenotypes observed in fully transgenic HvNICD-overexpressing Hydra. Images labeled with a–d represent light-microscopy, a’–d’ display Ds-Red fluorescence. (A) “ectopic tentacle” phenotype observed in the initial stage (a, b Ectoderm-TG; c, d Endoderm-TG). (B) “two-headed” phenotype appeared in the initial stage (a-d Ectoderm-TG). (C) “multiple heads” phenotype after an additional 3 weeks (a-c Ectoderm-TG; d Endoderm-TG; the ectopic heads are numbered). (D) “Y-shaped animals” (a-c Ectoderm-TG; d Endoderm-TG). (E) combined phenotypes in Ectoderm-TG. Ectopic tentacles are indicated by white triangles, ectopic heads are indicated by white arrows.