Table 3.
Associations between intravaginal practices and rate of sexually transmitted infection/Bacterial vaginosis stratified by trial arm among women in the Ring Study in southwestern Uganda
| Sexually transmitted infection/condition | Overall | Trial arm | ||||
| DVR | Placebo | |||||
| IVP use | Rate/100 PYR (95% CI) | Rate/100 PYR (95% CI) | P value* | aRR (DVR) (95% CI) | aRR (Placebo) (95% CI) | |
| Single-event-per-participant analysis | ||||||
| HIV | No | 3.3 (0.8 to 12.9) | 8.4 (2.1 to 33.8) | 0.374 | to | to |
| Yes | 8.8 (3.3 to 23.5) | 3.9 (0.6 to 27.9) | 0.518 | to | to | |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | No | 77.5 (58.4 to 102.8) | 118.3 (81.6 to 171.3) | 0.081 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 105.8 (79.7 to 140.4) | 82.4 (53.7 to 126.4) | 0.171 | 1.34 (0.78 to 2.31) | 0.59 (0.28 to 1.26) | |
| Neisseria gonorrhoea | No | 30.5 (21.1 to 44.2) | 11.8 (5.3 to 26.2) | 0.024 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 20.6 (13.0 to 32.6) | 28.0 (15.5 to 50.5) | 0.211 | 0.73 (0.35 to 1.53) | 1.88 (0.49 to 7.20) | |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | No | 28.5 (19.4 to 41.9) | 29.5 (17.5 to 49.8) | 0.911 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 29.7 (20.2 to 43.6) | 24.3 (13.1 to 45.2) | 0.305 | 1.09 (0.60 to 2.00) | 0.37 (0.11 to 1.36) | |
| Bacterial vaginosis | No | 13.7 (8.6 to 22.1) | 16.5 (8.9 to 30.7) | 0.636 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 12.6 (7.5 to 21.3) | 15.2 (7.6 to 30.3) | 0.332 | 0.74 (0.26 to 2.09) | 1.51 (0.35 to 6.52) | |
| Multiple-events-per-participant analysis | ||||||
| T. vaginalis | No | 87.2 (72.2 to 105.3) | 89.2 (68.3 to 116.5) | 0.558 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 94.4 (77.9 to 114.2) | 81.5 (60.5 to 109.9) | 0.213 | 1.12 (0.80 to 1.56) | 0.76 (0.44 to 1.30) | |
| N. gonorrhoea | No | 34.7 (25.8 to 46.8) | 14.9 (7.7 to 28.6) | 0.007 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 25.2 (17.4 to 36.4) | 36.0 (23.0 to 56.5) | 0.116 | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.30) | 2.24 (0.61 to 8.31) | |
| C. trachomatis | No | 56.5 (44.7 to 71.5) | 36.3 (24.0 to 55.2) | 0.065 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 40.4 (30.2 to 54.2) | 28.4 (17.1 to 47.2) | 0.126 | 0.75 (0.43 to 1.29) | 0.33 (0.14 to 0.78) | |
| Bacterial vaginosis | No | 20.5 (9.2 to 45.7) | 32.7 (12.3 to 87.0) | 0.482 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 12.5 (4.0 to 38.7) | 11.1 (1.6 to 78.7) | 0.491 | 0.64 (0.11 to 3.71) | 0.39 (0.10 to 2.72) | |
Adjusted for age and STI/BV at baseline.
*Compares rates for IVP (yes or no) between DVR and placebo.
aRR, adjusted rate ratio; BV, bacterial vaginosis; DVR, dapivirine vaginal ring; IVP, intravaginal practice; PYR, person-years at risk; STI, sexually transmitted infection;