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. 2024 Apr 12;24:446. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04227-4

Table 1.

Tabulated Results showing the Author, Year of Study, Number of Individuals Examined, Age Group, and Enamel Defects Measurement

Author Type of Study Study Population Age Group(years) DDE Measurement
Jagels&Sweeney 1976 Case-control study

Case 63

Control 56

5–12 % of subjects showing enamel hypoplasia
Primosch 1980 Cross-sectional observational study

Case 86

Control 86

3.3–24.2 % of DDE in permanent teeth
Narang 2003 Case-control study

Case 74

Control 106

Case 2.5–16.5

Control 3.0– 16.5

% of opacities in primary teeth

% of opacities in permanent teeth

Azevedo 2006 Case-control study

Case 13

Control 13

Mean age 10.3 % of permanent teeth affected according to DDE type
Ferrazzano 2009 Case-control study

Case 54

Control 101

7–12 % of subjects with DDE
Ferrazzano 2012 Case-control study

Case 88

Control 101

4–12 Prevalence of DDE present (%)
Peker 2014 Case-control study

Case 30

Control 30

Case 10.2 ± 4.8

Control 9.9 ± 1.4

% of subjects with mild DDE, moderate DDE, severe DDE
Collard 2016 Cross-sectional observational study

Case 26

Control N/A

< 18 % of subjects with hypomineralised teeth
Abu-Zahra 2019 Cross-sectional study

Case 20

Control N/A

6–18 % of subjects with DDE
Pawlaczyk-Kamieńska 2019 Cross-sectional study

Case 22

Control 22

20–43 % of subjects with DDE