Table 1.
Tissue chips for space exploration in the ISS (Tagle, 2022).
| # | Targeted tissues & cells | Physiological pathways and diseases | Launch dates | Funding agencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| 1 | Brain, Liver, and Gut | Brain-liver-gut axis, aging | 2022–2025 | NASA NIH BARDA FDA |
| 2 | Brain | Neurotoxic stress | ||
| 3 | Neurovasculature | Chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration | ||
| 4 | Vessel | Atherosclerosis | ||
| 5 | Multiple tissues | Human tissues to stressors | ||
| 6 | Multiple tissues | Repair after hypoxia | ||
| 7 | Heart, vascular tissues | Response to radiation exposure | ||
| 8 | Kidney | Acute and chronic exposure to drugs and toxins | ||
|
|
||||
| 9 | Myocytes | Muscle wasting | Dec 2020 | NCATS |
| 10 | Heart | Cardiomyopathy | Dec 2020 | |
| 11 | Intestine | Bacterial infection | Mar 2020 | |
| 12 | Cartilage-bone-synovium | Musculoskeletal disease | May 2019; Dec 2020 | |
| 13 | Lung | Lung host defense | May 2019 | |
| 14 | Blood-brian barrier | Microgravity effects | May 2019; Dec 2021 | |
| 15 | Stem cells | Immunological senescence | Dec 2018 | |
| 16 | Kidney | Proximal and distal tubule functions | May 2019; Jun 2021 | |
|
|
||||
| 17 | Human iPSC, heart | Cardiac dysfunction | Mar 2020 | NCATS & NIBIB |
NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NIH, National Institutes of Health; BARDA: Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; NCATS, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; NIBIB, National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering.