Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of patients from multicenter with GN following COVID-19 vaccination
| Pathologic diagnosis | Age (yr) | Sex | Underlying diseases | Clinical presentation | Vaccine (before presentation) | Latest dose | Symptom onset time/biopsy time after last vaccination (day) | Scr at biopsy (mg/dL) | UPCR or dipstick at biopsy (g/gCr) | Hematuria | Treatment | Last FU (day) | Scr at FU (mg/dL) | UPCR or dipstick at FU (g/gCr) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IgAN | 24 | F | None | Proteinuria, hematuria | BNT162b2 | 2nd | 1/203 | 0.65 | 1.36 | Yes | Steroid | 412 | 0.78 | 0.45 |
| IgAN | 35 | F | None | Proteinuria, hematuria | BNT162b2 | 2nd | Not known/50 after initial presentation | 0.77 | 0.96 | Yes | ARB + ravulizumab | 383 after initial presentation | 0.80 | 1.04 |
| IgAN | 47 | M | None | Edema | BNT162b2 | 2nd | 32/46 | 1.13 | 8.79 | No | Steroid → steroid + CNI | 532 | 1.28 | 2.18 |
| IgAN | 61 | F | Ulcerative colitis | Proteinuria, hematuria | BNT162b2 | 2nd | Not known/63 after initial presentation | 1.01 | 1.37 | Yes | ARB | 466 after initial presentation | 0.88 | 0.11 |
| IgAN | 18 | F | None | Hematuria | BNT162b2 | 3rd | 1/41 | 0.56 | 1.33 | Yes | ARB + SGLT2i | 293 | 0.57 | 0.43 |
| IgAN | 23 | F | None | Hematuria | mRNA-1273 | 2nd | 2/77 | 0.60 | 0.76 | Yes | Steroid | 473 | 0.57 | 0.08 |
| IgAN | 65 | F | None | Edema, abdominal pain | mRNA-1273 | 3rd | 20/32 | 0.75 | 3+ | Yes | No treatment | 430 | 0.61 | 0.04 |
| IgAN | 39 | F | None | Hematuria | Not known | 1st | Not known/55 after initial presentation | 0.97 | 1.61 | Yes | ARB + SGLT2i | 273 after initial presentation | 0.94 | 1.41 |
| IgAN | 54 | F | Hypertension, dyslipidemia | Proteinuria, hypertension | Not known | 2nd | 3/283 | 1.56 | 2.96 | Yes | ARB + SGLT2i | 441 | 1.52 | 1.61 |
| IgAN | 35 | F | None | Proteinuria, hematuria | Not known | 3rd | 4/431 | 0.70 | 1.13 | Yes | ARB | 446 | 0.67 | 1.07 |
| IgAN | 40 | F | None | Proteinuria, hematuria | Not known | 3rd | Not known/not known | 0.75 | 1.01 | Yes | ARB | 208 | 0.83 | 1.63 |
| HSP | 41 | M | None | Purpura | Ad26.COV.S | 2nd | 46/286 | 0.93 | 0.44 | Yes | Steroid + azathioprine | 407 | 0.97 | 0.16 |
| HSP | 59 | F | None | AKI, proteinuria | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 | 1st | 32/42 | 1.48 | 2.65 | Yes | Steroid | 512 | 1.47 | 0.11 |
| HSP | 19 | M | None | Skin rash | Not known | 1st | 7/85 | 0.84 | 1.10 | Yes | Conservative care | 103 | 0.78 | 0.19 |
| IgMN | 27 | F | None | Edema | BNT162b2 | 2nd | 17/24 | 0.79 | 25.04 | No | Steroid | 158 | 0.81 | 0.32 |
| FSGS | 48 | M | Thyroid cancer | Nephrotic syndrome | BNT162b2 | 3rd | 4/32 | 0.84 | 5.87 | Yes | Steroid | 365 | 0.79 | 0.13 |
| LN | 59 | F | None | AKI, proteinuria | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 | 2nd | 50/84 | 1.81 | 4.82 | Yes | Steroid + CYC → MMF + steroid | 468 | 0.85 | 0.13 |
| Pauci-immune crescentic GN | 70 | F | None | AKI, proteinuria, hematuria | mRNA-1273 | 3rd | 18/29 | 2.16 | 0.84 | Yes | Steroid + plasmapheresis + CYC | 54 | 1.43 | - |
| AIN | 51 | F | Diabetes, hypothyroidism | AKI | BNT162b2 | 1st | 7/62 | 2.40 | 2.22 | No | Steroid | 515 | 0.88 | 0.08 |
AIN, acute interstitial nephritis; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AKI, acute kidney injury; CNI, calcineurin inhibitor; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CYC, cyclophosphamide; F, female; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; FU, follow-up; GN, glomerulonephritis; HSP, Henoch-Schönlein purpura; IgAN, immunoglobulin A nephropathy; IgMN, immunoglobulin M nephropathy; LN, lupus nephritis; M, male; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; Scr, serum creatinine; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor; UPCR, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.